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| One of things that make up a state. Institutions through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. |
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| The power to make laws and frame public policies. Congress. |
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| The power to execute, enforce, and adminster laws. President. |
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| The power to interpret laws, determine their meaning, and to settle disputes that arise within the society. Supreme Court. |
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| The process by which a society decides how power and resources will be distributed. |
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| A body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically, and with the power to make and enforce laws without the consent of any higher authority. |
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| One of the things needed to make a state. |
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| One of the things needed to make a state. Recognized boundaries. |
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| One of the things that makes up a state. Supreme and absolute power within its own territory and can decide its own foreign and domestic policies. |
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| Small group of people claimed control over an area and forced the population to submit to their rule. |
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| The state developed naturally out of the early family. Over countless centuries, the original family became a network of families (a clan), then a tribe which turned to agriculture and gave up nomadic ways, this tied them to the land and thus formed a state. |
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| God created the state and God had given those of royal birth a "divine right" to rule. |
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| Developed by Thomas Hobbes, James Harrington, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau. Argues that people voluntarily created the state. |
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| An environment in which no government authority exists. |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| America's first constitution that was later replaced by the constitution. Weak national government. |
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| Adopted in 1789 to replace the Articles of Confederation. Built on the belief that there is strength in unity. |
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| Rebellion in which local farmers were angry about taxes and started to riot. Good example of why a strong national government would be needed. |
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| Representatives met in Philadelphia on May 25th, 1787 to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new form of government. |
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| Plan proposed during the Philadelphia Convention which favored bigger states and proposed three branches of government. Favored a stronger national government. |
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| Plan proposed at the Philadelphia Convention that favored smaller states. Proposed a one house congress for the national government. Favored individual rights over government power. |
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| The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) |
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| A compromise between the representatives from big and small states in which they took ideas from both the Virginia and New Jersey Plan and put them together. |
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| Slaves were counted towards a state's population as 3/5 of a person. |
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| What is best for the group is more important. |
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| Putting the common good before your own rights/desires. |
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| Believed in limited government, seperation of powers, and checks and balances. Main contributor the U.S. Constitution. |
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| Philosopher from England that gave the framers of the United States many ideas. Developed the State of Nature Theory, Social Contract, Individual Rights, and Right to Revolution. |
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| Taxes enforced upon the colonies by Great Britain in the 1760's without representation. |
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| Second Continental Congress |
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| Met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1776 and decided how they would fight the war against England. Adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4th, 1776. |
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| Citizens were protesting the presence of British troops in Boston. British troops ended up shooting into the crowd and killed 5 people. This was one of the key events that sparked the American Revolution. |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| Document declaring independence of the colonies from Great Britain. Written by Thomas Jefferson who argued natual rights, human equality, government by consent, right to revolution, and listed abuses by the British government. |
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| Type of government in which the supreme political authority rests with the people. |
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| Type of government in which one person or small elite group holds political power. |
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| Voters elect legislature and the Chief Executive (president). |
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| Voters elect legislature then the Chief Executive is chosen by the leading party in the legislature. |
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| Argued against the Constitution due to the fear of government becoming too powerful. |
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| Stressed the weaknesses of the Articles, these problems could be overcome by the creation of new government based on the Constitution. |
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