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| people who live in a specific geographic territory, interact with one another, and share many elements of a common culture |
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| a process in which societies grow more complex in terms of technology, social structure, and cultural knowledge over time |
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| society that depends for its livelihood on domestic animals |
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| the tendency to evaluate the customs of other groups according to one’s own cultural standards |
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| anything to which group members assign meaning |
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| a complex system of symbols with conventional meanings that people use for communications |
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| the process by which culture is passed from one generation to the next |
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| quality of mind that provides an understanding of ourselves within the context of the larger society |
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| Structural Function Theory |
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| A framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. |
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| Symbolic Interaction Theory |
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| A frame work for building theory that sees society as the product of the everyday interaction of individuals. |
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| the tendency to evaluate other country’s cultures according to our own cultural standard |
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asks that we evaluate to other culture’s according to their standards, not ours
Beliefs |
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| penalties or rewards society uses to encourage conformity and punish deviance |
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| expectations and rules for proper conduct that guide behavior of group members |
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| a society in which people make their living by hunting, collecting wild foods, and fishing with simple technologies |
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| a society that depends on crops raised with plows, draft animals, and intensive agricultural methods |
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| shared ideas about what is socially desired |
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| What are the different types of Norms? |
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| folkways, mores, laws, and taboos pg. 65 |
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| puts the sociologists in the role of a detective who pieces together "clues" from specific observations in order to develop a general understanding of the overall puzzle |
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| a measure indicating that two variables are related in such a way that a change in one is accompanied by a change in the other |
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| a relationship in which a change in one variable creates a concomitant change in another variable |
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| design emphasize the use of numbers and statistics to analyze and explain social events and human behavior |
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| What are the types of Knowledge? |
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| Experience, Cultural Tradition, Faith, Authority, and Science pg. 29 |
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| the use of multiple (usually 3) techniques to gather or analyze research data |
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| views society as composed of diverse groups with conflicting values and interests |
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| What did Auguste Comte do? |
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Definition
| he coined the term "sociology" and emphasized positivism |
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Definition
Translated and condensed Comte’s work
One of the first to compare Europe & U.S. |
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| Who was Karl Marxx, what did he do? |
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| Focused on social class exploitation between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat |
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| Who was Emile Durkheim, what did they do? |
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Definition
Focused on how social solidarity creates social order
Linked social integration to suicide |
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| Who was Jane Addams what did she do? |
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| Established the Hull house |
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| What are the steps in the Research process? |
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| statement of the problem, review of the literature, development of hypothesees, choice of research design, data collection, analysis, developing conclusions, pose new questions |
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Definition
| a point of view that focuses not on individuals but their group, or society. |
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