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VSEPR theory chapter
molecular shape and bonds
28
Chemistry
10th Grade
11/15/2007

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Term

VSEPR Theory

Definition
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory- the repulsion between electron pairs cause molecular shapes to adjust so that the valence-electron stay as far apart as possible.
Term

Shape:

 

H-O-H

Definition
Linear Triatomic
Term
Shape[image]
Definition
Triagonal Planar
Term

Shape:

O:

H   H

Definition
Bent Triatomic
Term
Shape[image]
Definition
Pyramidal
Term
Shape[image][image]
Definition
Tetrahedral
Term
Shape[image]
Definition
Triagonal Bipyramidal
Term

Shape[image]

Definition
Octahedral
Term
Linear Properties (5)
Definition

A2 or AX (diatomic)

AX2 (triatomic)

1 or 2 shared pairs

No unshared pairs on central atom

Bond angle: 180o

Term
Bent Properties (4)
Definition

AB2

2 shared pairs

Some unshared pairs on central atom

Bond angle: less than 180o

Term
Triagonal Planar Properties (4)
Definition

AX3

3 shared pairs

No unshared pairs on central atom

Bond angle: 120o

Term
Triagonal Bipyramidal propertes (4)
Definition

AX5

5 unshared pairs

No unshared pairs on central atom

Bond angle: 90o and 120o

Term
Octahedral properties (4)
Definition

AX6

6 unshared pairs

No unshared pairs on central atom

Bond angle: 90o

Term
Polar Bond properties (2)
Definition

Uneven charge distribution difference in electronegatibity (0.3- 1.7)

2 different atoms in a bond

Term
Nonpolar bond properties (3)
Definition

Equal charge distribution

no difference in electronegatibity

USameU atoms in a bond

Term
Polar Bond examples
Definition

H-Cl

Mg- O

C-F

S-Br

Term
Nonpolar Bond Examples
Definition

H-H

Cl-Cl

S-S

C-C

Term
If a molecule is symmetrical then it is (polar/nonpolar)
Definition
Nonpolar
Term
If a molecule is not symmetrical, then it is (polar/nonpolar)
Definition
Polar
Term
Diatomic elements definition
Definition
Elements that are always found in pairs.
Term

List Diatomic elements

Definition

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Flourine

Chlorine

Bromine

Iodine

Hydrogen

located in the shape of a seven on the periodic table ecept for hydrogen

Term
"Like dissolves like" meaning
Definition

Polar solutions dissolve polar materials

Nonpolar solutions dissolve nonpolar materials

Polar solutions do not dissolve nonpolar materials

Term
Intermolecular Forces
Definition

Van der Waals forces

between one molecule and its neighbor

Term
Dipole- dipole interactions (3)
Definition

Between polar molecues

Positive end of one molecule attracts negative end of another molecule

Gives polar molecules higher poiling points than nonpolar molecules

Term
London dispersion forces (4)
Definition

Between nonpolar molecules

Most common force

Very weak force

E-movement causes temporary dipole

Term
Note: All molecules have _____, but nonpolar molecules ONLY have ______!
Definition
London Forces (omit if first)
Term
Hydrogen bonding (3)
Definition

Must have H bonded to N, O, or F

Strongest intermolecular force

Gives water special properties

Term

Special Properties of Water

These properties make our life on earth possible!

(7)

Definition

Low melting point

High boiling point

High heat of vaporation

Surface tension

Capillary action

Solid is less dense than liquid

Universal solvent

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