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Volcanoes!
Mr. Drake Phy. Sci.
45
Geology
10th Grade
03/21/2007

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Cards

Term
Give an example of felsic, intermediate and mafic lava.
Definition
Felsic:Rhyolite, Obsidian, Pumice
Intermediate: Andesite
Mafic: Basalt, Scoria
Term
Which has a higher silica content? F or M?
Definition
Felsic
Term
Which has a higher temp? F or M?
Definition
Mafic.
Term
Who is more viscous(sticky)?F or M?
Definition
Felsic
Term
Who has more dissolved gas?F or M?
Definition
Felsic
Term
What type of eruption do felsic and mafic lava have?
Definition
Felsic-Explosive
Mafic-Quiet
Term
What is the main eruptive product for F, I, and M?
Definition
Felsic-Pyroclastics
Intermediate-Lava Flows and Pyroclastics
Mafic-Lava flows
Term
What is another name for a stratovolcano?
Definition
Composite volcano
Term
What type of volcano do F, I, and M make?
Definition
Felsic-Cinder cones and Stratos
Inter.-Stratos
Mafic-Shields
Term
Where are F, I, and M volcanoes found?
Definition
F+I-Oceanic-oceanic and oceanic-continental CONVERGING plate boundaries (subduction zones)
M-DIVERGING plate boundaries and hot spots
Term
What makes up the Andes?
Definition
Andesite
Term
Why does felsic magma create a loud eruption?
Definition
Because it is viscous and plugs up the hole, creating higher pressure and causing an explosion.
Term
What makes up pyroclastics?
Definition
Ash, dust, and bombs
Term
What is a volcanic bomb?
Definition
Piece of lava thrown into air during explosive eruption that patly solidifies and falls to the ground where it usually "blows up" because it is not full solid.
Term
How often does Olympus Mons erupt?
Definition
Never anymore, b/c Mars is dead inside(no hot inner core to make magma).
Term
What type of volcaoes are the most famous ones? Give examples.
Definition
Stratovolcanoes. Fujiyama, Vesuvius, Etna, Krakatoa, St. Helens.
Term
Where are volcanoes found on Earth?
Definition
Edge of plates, Ring of Fire, Hot Spots
Term
What is a hot spot and give an example.
Definition
A hot spot is a place where magam can get closer to the surface than usual. Hot spots don't move. Ex. Hawaii and Yellowstone.
Term
What is dormant and what is extinct?
Definition
If it has exploded within human recorded history it is dormant, if it hasn't, it is extinct.
Term
Describe cinder cones and give two examples.
Definition
Cindercone volcanoes are small and results of explosive eruptions. Steep-sided cone or relatively loose pyroclastics. Ex. Paricutan, Sunset Crater
Term
Describe Shield volcanoes and give two examples.
Definition
Result of repeated quiet eruptions with wide lava flows. Broad mountain much wider than tall. Tallest volcanoes. Composed primarily of basaltic flows. Ex. Olympus Mons, Hawaiian Islands
Term
Describe Stratovolcanoes(composite cones) and give 2 examples.
Definition
Most well-known and scenic. Composed of flows interlayered w/ pyroclastics. Medium height, cone steepens towards vent. Ex. Mt. Fujiyama, Mt. St. Helens,
Term
What is a Thermophyle?
Definition
A small organism that lives in very, very hot places. Like the edge of a mud pot. They are very brightly colored(the different colors indicating different species) which makes some people call mud pots, paint pots.
Term
More earthquakes in bigger magnitude and closer together means...
Definition
...that the magma is getting closer to your feet and a volcano eruption is probably coming.
Term
What are pyroclastic flows?
Definition
fast-moving fluidized bodies of hot gas, ash, and rock which can travel up to 700 km/h and reach 500-1000 C
Term
What is a batholith?
Definition
Large amount of intrusive igneous rock that can from mountains and ridges.
Term
What is a sill?
Definition
Intrusive igneous rock that has intruded IN BETWEEN layers or floiations of other rocks.
Term
What is a laccolith?
Definition
Intrusive igneous rock that has intruded BETWEEN layers of sedimentary rock.
Term
What is a dike?
Definition
Intrusive igneous rock that CUTS ACROSS layers or foliations of other rocks.
Term
Is California younger or older than the rest of the US?
Definition
Younger
Term
What is a hydrothermal vent?
Definition
A fissure in the crust's surface from which geothermally heated water issues.
Term
What happens when you inhale volcanic ash?
Definition
It combines with the moisture in your lungs to form a cement-like mixture that can easily kill you.
Term
Do earthquakes in Yellowstone cause a lot of landslides?
Definition
yes
Term
What makes magma eruptable?
Definition
It is under a lot of pressure and is very hot.
Term
What powers Yellowstone's geysers?
Definition
A hot spot.
Term
What is a harmonic tremor?
Definition
Earthquakes occuring together at the same frequency, which makes them more powerful. (It helps to think of people singing in harmony; they are louder than just one person)
Term
What are red and gray eruptions?
Definition
A red eruption is quiet, a gray eruption is explosive.
Term
What is the main constituent of volcanic gases?
Definition
Water vapor.
Term
What is the most active volcanic planet inthe solar system?
Definition
Venus
Term
What is the most active volcanic body in the solar system?
Definition
Io
Term
What is a volcanic pipe?
Definition
Igneous rock formation that forms when a volcano becomes extinct and the magam in the pipe connected to the vent cools and solidifies.
Term
What is a volcanic neck?
Definition
A volcanic pipe who has had its surroundings erode away because they were not as resistant to the erosion.
Term
What is a crater?
Definition
A small(less than 1 km in diameter) lava vent fromed from a volcano.
Term
What is a caldera?
Definition
A large (more than 1 km in diameter) lava vent produced by a volcano.
Term
What kind of volcano is/was Krakatoa?
Definition
Strato
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