Term
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Definition
compression
tension
folding |
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Term
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Definition
| two tectonic plates collide |
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Term
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Definition
| stress that occurs whebn forces act to to stretch an object |
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Term
| two kinds of seismic waves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a wave of energy that travels throught the earth, away from an earthquake |
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Term
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Definition
a sismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back and forth direction Primary Wave (the first waves to be detected)
travel through liquid, solid,and gas |
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Term
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Definition
a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction
secondary waves
slower than P waves and stretch the rock sideways, cannot travel through liquid |
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Term
| studying siesmic waves helps scientists |
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Definition
measure earthquake size and intensity
find an earthquakes' epicenter |
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Term
| How to locate an earthquake's epicenter once the distance from the epicenter of the quake to each of three siesmographic retorting stations is known |
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Definition
1. use the S-P time method
2. collect seismograms from 3 diff locations
3.place them on a time distance chart
4. draw a circle around a siesmograph station with the radius = distance from the station to the epicenter
5.draw a second circle around another station
6. the circles will overlap in 2 spots
7.draw the third circle and where all 3 overlap is the epicenter |
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Term
| Earthquake damage is measured on two scales |
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Definition
Richter Scale
Mercalli Scale |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the intensity of earthquakes from I(some only felt at the epicenter) to XI (total destruction) |
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Term
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Definition
measures magnitude from 2 ( only detected only by a seismograph )to 7 ( can cause great, widespread damage)
Created in the 1930's by Charles Richter to compare earthquakes by measureing ground motion recorded by siesmograms at seismograph stations |
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Term
| Home preparation for an earthquake |
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Definition
place heavy objects on low shelves
determine a safe place inside the house
determine a safe place outside the house
determine where to meet afterwards
Have stored: water, food, fire extinguisher, flashlight, portable radio, medicine,and first aid kit |
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Term
| What to do during a quake |
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Definition
Inside:
get under a table or desk in center of room
Outside: away from building, powerlines, and trees, lay flat and cover head. In a car, stop car and stay inside |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| opening in Earth's crust through which magma is released |
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Term
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Definition
| magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink |
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Term
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Definition
| funnel shaped pit near the top of the central vent of a volcano |
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Term
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Definition
| molten rock found deep within the Earth is called |
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Term
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Definition
area with active volcanoes
far from tectonic plate boundry |
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Term
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Definition
| wide flat landform that results from repeated nonexplosive eruptions of lava that spread over a large area |
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Term
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Definition
| area of deep cracks that firns between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other |
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Term
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Definition
| A volcano created from moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material. They are usually small and usually erupt for a short time |
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Term
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Definition
| where tectonic plates collide along plate boundries |
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Term
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Definition
| some scientists believe that these are columns of rising magma that may cause the hot spots |
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Term
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Definition
forms when
1.magma explodes from a volcano and solidifies in the air
2.powerful eruptions shallter exising rock these can be as big as a house!
3. some materials are: volcanic bombs, volcanic blocks, lapilli and volcanic ash |
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Term
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Definition
is thick and stiff
flows slowly
hardens the volcano's vents |
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Term
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Definition
is fluid and runny
volcano has less explosions |
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Term
| predicting an eruption of a volcano |
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Definition
changes in:
volcanic gases
internal temperature
slope of volcano |
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Term
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Definition
names for its jagged surface that hurts
pours out quickly and makes brittle crust as molten lava flows under it |
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Term
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Definition
lava under water
makes round lumps in the shape of a pillow |
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Term
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Definition
cool
stiff
not travel far
oozes
makes jumbles heaps of sharp edged chunks |
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Term
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Definition
magma with high silica content
silica rich magma blocks vents
gas is trapped
explodes |
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