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Political Science- zVocabulary Test 2
Congress Presidency Bureaucracy and Judiciary
139
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/03/2013

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Cards

Term
What is it called when the authorities are shared with both chambers of congress?
Definition
Constitutional Powers
Term
What are powers that only one branch of govt. does?
Definition
Exclusive powers
Term
What is drawing district lines to benefit one party or faction?
Definition
Gerrymandering
Term
What case said that districts must have roughly equal populations?
Definition
Wesberry v. Sanders
Term
What case said that districts can't be drawn to benefit or exclude a racial group?
Definition
Thornburg v. Gingles
Term
What case said that you can't be too biased against one party?
Definition
Davis v. Bandemer
Term
Who are people who are already in congress?
Definition
incumbents
Term
What are requests from constituents for information and help in dealing with govt agencies?
Definition
casework
Term
What is it called when some members of congress gets elected only because the pres got elected?
Definition
riding the presidents coattails
Term
What are parties refered to as?
Definition
factions
Term
What is this example refered to as... "I gave money to NASA and they landed on mars. I then claim some of the credit."
Definition
Individual credit- claiming for collective action
Term
What is the rule called when someone says "I second that notion..."
Definition
Parlimentary Rule
Term
What is it called when members want to run for reelection while there is still governing to do?
Definition
Permanent campaign
Term
What helps make a majority decision?
Definition
Majoritarian Institution
Term
What is an inclination to favor one group/ view/ opinion over alternatives?
Definition
Partisanship
Term
What is delaying a final vote on a bill?
Definition
Fillibuster
Term
What is the longest serving senator refered to as?
Definition
the President Pro Tempore
Term
What is it called when parties become increasingly ideologically cohesive and polarized, party members are more likely to delegate to leaders? In the absence of cohesion, leaders lose power.
Definition
Conditional party Government
Term
What is it called when one party bans together?
Definition
Cohesion
Term
What is it called when two parties split furthur apart?
Definition
polarized
Term
Who help solve collective action problems Members of Congress face?
Definition
Committees
Term
What is it called when you can't deal with the issues at hand?
Definition
Cumbersome
Term
What committee is a committee that exist from one Congress to the next? (Permanent)
Definition
Standing Committee
Term
What is appropriations?
Definition
Money
Term
Committee and subcommittee chairs typically decide by the person who has served the longest. What is this called?
Definition
Seniority Rule
Term
What committee is a committee that often appear to deal with specific problems and then disappear?
Definition
Select/Special Committees
Term
What committee is a committee that is drawn from both Chambers?
Definition
Joint Committee
Term
What committee is a committee gathers important information and issues, but they do not report bills?
Definition
Joint Committee
Term
What committee is a committee that handels particularly sensitive topics?
Definition
Ad hoc committee
Term
Which committee resolves differences between the House and the Senate?
Definition
Conference Committee
Term
What is it called when the subcommittee goes through a bill line by line?
Definition
Markup
Term
What is an example of log rolling?
Definition
Coalition-building
Term
What is an issuing a summary of a bill's goals, provisions, and changes?
Definition
Report
Term
What a rule that allows any germane amendments?
Definition
Open Rule
Term
What is having to do with the topic of the bill at hand? (Relevent to topic)
Definition
germane
Term
What is a rule that only allows certain ammendments?
Definition
Restricted rule
Term
What is a rule that doesn't allow any amendments?
Definition
Closed Rule
Term
What committee is a committee that determines what the rules will be?
Definition
Rules Committee
Term
What committee is a committee where rules are determined by a unanimous consent agreement?
Definition
No rules committee
Term
What is the procedure of ending a debate by taking a final vote?
Definition
cloture
Term
What is a meeting of the members of a legislative body who are members of a particular political party, to select candidates or decide policy?
Definition
caucuses
Term
What is a vote that you can justify?
Definition
explainable vote
Term
Why is Congress known as an inefficient body?
Definition
tends not to produce legislation
Term
What is the power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges?
Definition
Patronage
Term
What is the president know as when he hands out federal government jobs?
Definition
Clerk
Term
What is the president going public?
Definition
Garner support
Term
What did the presidency become in the modern presidency?
Definition
A superpower
Term
What is the President getting more involved in foreign policy?
Definition
Superpower
Term
What is it called when we have a democratic president and a republican congress?
Definition
Split government/ Split ticket
Term
What was it called when we got rid of the colors on the ballats and put all of the people running for office on one list?
Definition
Australian Ballat
Term
What is it called when the president is not sure that he can do something but he tries it anyways to see what Congress says?
Definition
Testing the constitutional waters
Term
What act forced the president to inform Congrss withing 48 hours of committing troops in military action and forced the operatio to end within 60 days unless given an extension by congress?
Definition
War Powers Act 1973
Term
What was an attempt to regain some control over military affairs?
Definition
War Powers Act 1973
Term
Who can the president recieve by being Head of State?
Definition
Ambassadors and other public ministers
Term
Whats another word for head of state?
Definition
Chief diplomat
Term
What are agreements between executives?
Definition
Executive agreements
Term
What is an agreement for forein countries?
Definition
Treaty
Term
What clause stated that the laws must be faithfully executed?
Definition
Take Care Clause
Term
What is giving the president some authority?
Definition
principal agent relationship
Term
What is a way the president exerted control over executive branches?
Definition
Executive orders/bureaucracies
Term
What states that States don't have to recognize other states exercises for gay marriage?
Definition
Defense of Marriage Act
Term
What is it called when administration officials can't speak with Congress at all unless authorized by department heads?
Definition
Gag rule
Term
What is it called when all department communications to Congress that could affect future budgets must be pre-cleared by the presidents Office of Management and Budget to ensure that they are consistent with the presidents policy?
Definition
Central Clearance
Term
What is it called when the president is the one making the decisions?
Definition
Unitary presidency
Term
What is it called when a president signs a bill into law , and the president impliments how they want to use this law?
Definition
Signing statements
Term
What is the idea that the president can choose which items of the bill he wants to veto?
Definition
Line-item veto
Term
What is the amount of political power that the president has?
Definition
Political Capital
Term
Who is the advisor to the President
Definition
Vice President
Term
What is it called when the president can act alone?
Definition
Unilateral President
Term
What is it called when Congress made fun of bureaucracies for making stupid grants?
Definition
The ministry of silly walks
Term
What are the people called when they are appointed by the president?
Definition
Appointees
Term
What are bureaucratics that are experienced?
Definition
career bureaucrats
Term
What was it called when the president use to reward people with jobs because they were loyal to them?
Definition
spoils system
Term
What is it called when you are responsible for someone and they are responsible for you?
Definition
Hierarchy
Term
What are people experinced in their areas called?
Definition
Novices
Term
What is a term for duplicate or redundancy?
Definition
Red tape
Term
What is hiring someone because the are more qualified for the job than another?
Definition
Merit system
Term
What act put 10 percent of government jobs on the merit system and it could be extended by executive order?
Definition
Pendleton Act
Term
What is it called when people adopt the ideas of the agencies as their own?
Definition
Bureaucratic/agency culture
Term
What are the unions composed of federal employees?
Definition
Public sector unions
Term
What is a form of organization in the bureaucracies?
Definition
Cabinet Departments
Term
What does each cabinet department have within itself?
Definition
Sub-agencies
Term
Which agency reports directly to the president?
Definition
Independent Executive Agencies
Term
Which agency is independent of the presidency?
Definition
Independent Regulatory Commisions
Term
Which agency is created by Congress to deliver services that a private corporation would otherwise deliver?
Definition
Independent Government Corporations
Term
Which agency delegates implementation to lower-level governments or contracting nonprofit and/or private corporations?
Definition
Indirect Administrations (not a bureaucratic agency)
Term
What is taking a bill and turning it into regulation?
Definition
Rule making
Term
What are laws that go out of affect? They expire and they cannot continue to enforce the law.
Definition
Sunset
Term
What is it called when you say how the law is going?
Definition
Mandatory Reports
Term
What are small provisions of the law?
Definition
Limitation Riders
Term

What forms when some agencies become beholden to interest groups?

Definition

(Beholden means owing thanks btw) 

The Iron Triangle

Term

What forms sometimes during the iron triangle?

Definition
Prisoners Dilemma
Term
What are agencies with a very specific client?
Definition
Clientele Agencies
Term
What are the kinds of cases that courts hear?
Definition
Jurisdiction
Term
What are original cases that start at the highest court?
Definition
Original Jurisdiction
Term
What is going against your country?
Definition
Treason
Term
What was an injunction that allows the court to force an official to do something?
Definition
Writ of mandamus
Term
What is it called when federal judiciary can judge whether or not a state/ law/ policy is constitutional?
Definition
Judicial Review
Term
What was it called when the US cut funding by 2.7% across the board?
Definition
Sequester 2013
Term
What is it called when th Supreme Court exercise judicial review over state laws?
Definition
Supremacy Clause
Term
What is it called when the president appoints judges right before he has to leave office?
Definition
Midnight Judges
Term
Which court case asked to issue a writ of mandamus under a petition because they would turn in his commision?
Definition
Marbury v. Madison
Term
Which case said that Congress can charter a national bank and a state cannot tax a federal entity?
Definition
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Term
Which case established an expansive view of the necessary and proper clause?
Definition
McCholloch vs. Maryland
Term
Which case sort of resolved the fact that the national government had more authority than state because the Supreme Court lost some credibility?
Definition
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Term
Which case limited bakers to 10 hour days or 60 hour weeks?
Definition
Lochner v. New York
Term
What clause said that noone shall be denied of rights and abilities without due process?
Definition
due process clause
Term
What did FDR implement to counteract the effects of the Great Depression from the amount of conservatives on the Supreme Courts?
Definition
The New Deal
Term
What is adding another person for every member that is over 70?
Definition
Pack the Court
Term
What is not being receptive?
Definition
Not ready to do something
Term
What was the case that had someone arrested for sitting in a railroad coach that was reserved for whites?
Definition
Plessy v. Ferguson
Term
What case said that separate but equal has no place in public schools?
Definition
Brown v. Board of Education
Term
What is it called when the Supreme Court overturns or can overturn themself on a law?
Definition
precedent
Term
What is it called when the Supreme Court had cases appealed to them?
Definition
Appellate Jurisdiction
Term
What was it called when a case was appealed to the Supreme Court, and they had to hear it?
Definition
Mandatory Docket
Term
What is it called when the Supreme Court gets to choose which cases they hear?
Definition
Discretionary docket
Term
What is filed by a petitioner against a respondent?
Definition
Writ of Certiorari
Term
What is it called when only four of the nine Supreme Court justices agree to grant the Writ if certuorari so that the case goes before the court?
Definition
Rule of four
Term
What is another term for the Writ if certuorari?
Definition
"Grant cert"
Term
What are briefs filed by interest groups, businesses, government agencies, etc?
Definition
Amicus Curiae
Term
What is a term for "friend of the court"?
Definition
Amicus Curiae
Term
Who represents the federal government and is the Chief autorny?
Definition
Solicitor General
Term
What are the guidelines for lower level courts to follow?
Definition

Judicial Doctrine

 

Term
What says how the lower courts should make decisions?
Definition

Procedural Doctrine

Term
What directs courts to follow earlier precedents?
Definition
Stare Decisis
Term
What is an earlier event or action regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances?
Definition
Precedent
Term
What is it called when you determine who can bring a case to court?
Definition
Standing
Term
What says which party should win?
Definition
Substantive Doctrine
Term
What goes beyond what the constitution says?
Definition
Judicial Activism
Term
What says to interpret the law as written?
Definition
Judicial Restraint
Term
What explains rationale for decisions in such a way as to create doctrine?
Definition
Opinion
Term
What opinion takes force of law?
Definition
Majority Opinion
Term
What opinion are the people of the minority who disagree with the courts decisions?
Definition
Dissenting Opinion
Term
What opinion says that the person agrees with the law, but not the rationale?
Definition
Concurring Opinion
Term
What is a set of reasons or a logical basis for a course of action or a particular belief?
Definition
Rationale
Term
What is how to choose judges?
Definition
Judicial Selection
Term
What is it calld when a president goes to a member of his party from the state and asks him for a list of names for who should take that position, and if there is nobody, then he will nominate them?
Definition
Senatorial Courtesy
Term
What is it called when justices vote their preferences?
Definition
Attitudinal Model
Term
What is it called when justices prefer to vote their preferences, but are constrained by many forces on their ideas?
Definition
Strategic Model
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