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Definition
| Movement of a molecule through a membrane against its concentration gradient (i.e. From an area of less concentration to area of greater concentration), using a carrier protein and energy from ATP. |
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Definition
| Movement of a substance from a region where it is highly concentrated to an area where it is less concentrated without energy input. |
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| The cell membrane engulfs extracellular material (material outside the cell). |
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| the process by which cells get rid of waste. Materials packaged in vesicles are secreted from a cell when the vesicle membrane fuses with the plasma membrane. |
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Definition
| Movement of a substance down its concentration gradient (diffusion) with the aid of a carrier or transport protein. |
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| Movement of particles across the cell membrane without the use of energy. The four main kinds of passive transport are diffusion, facilitated diffusion, filtration and osmosis. |
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| The point in diffusion where the concentrations of the two solutions are equal. When the two solutions are in dynamic equilibrium, particles continue to move between the two solutions, but there is no net flow in any one direction, i.e., the concentrations do not change. |
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Definition
| A type of Endocytosis. The cell membrane engulfs solid particles and carries them inside the cell. This sac pinches off and forms vesicles such as a food vacuole. |
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| Bond that joins two monosaccharides together to form a carbohydrate. |
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Definition
| water friendly. Will interact or dissolve in water. |
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| join together to form proteins. They have a backbone of N-C- C. There are 20 different amino acids that vary in their R group. |
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Definition
| a hydrophobic lipid that is made of 2 fatty acids. |
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Definition
| has a long chain of carbon atoms that forms the tail of the fatty acid. A carboxyl group forms the head of the fatty acid. The tail is hydrophobic while the head is hydrophilic. They join to make lipids. |
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Definition
| A bond that form between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid. |
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Definition
| uneven distribution of charges due to an unequal sharing of electrons in the covalent bond |
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Definition
| attraction between molecules that are the same |
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Definition
| attraction between unlike molecules |
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Definition
| movement of water molecules upward through small veins against the force of gravity |
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Definition
| a large molecule that consist of repeated, linked units |
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Definition
| a single molecule of sugar. It is a monomer of a carbohydrate |
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Definition
| building block or monomer unit of proteins |
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| catalyst that speeds up reactions by lowering the activation energy. |
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Definition
| large, nonpolar molecules that are not dissolvable in water |
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| large complex organic molecule that carries genetic information |
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| The factor or variable being measured in an experiment. |
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Definition
| Something that is changed on purpose in an experiment to see how other things react |
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| The test group in which a variable is manipulated. |
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Definition
| The use of your senses to notice your environment. |
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Definition
Using information stated or observed to figure out unstated or suggested
information. |
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Definition
| A representation of an object or process. |
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| A method of investigating or solving problems |
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Definition
Explains the behavior of related phenomenon and is supported by
experimental data. It is testable and may change with more information. |
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Definition
A group in the experiment that is treated exactly the same as the
experimental group except for the independent variable. |
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Definition
| A collection of results, observations, information and measurement |
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| prediction based upon some known information |
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Definition
Describes an observation in nature that always proves to be true every time
it is tested, but it does not explain the observation. |
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Definition
| an optical instrument having a magnifying lens or a combination of lenses for inspecting objects too small to be seen or too small to be seen distinctly and in detail by the unaided eye. |
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Definition
| a formal expression of opinion or intention made, usually after voting, by a formal organization, a legislature, a club, or other group. Helps you see more detail |
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Definition
| platform used to support the microscope slide |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses the image under low power |
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Definition
| sharpens the image under high and low magnification |
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Definition
| the act of magnifying or the state of being magnified. Enlarging something |
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| something that one's efforts or actions are intended to attain or accomplish; purpose; goal; target: the objective of a military attack; the objective of a fund-raising drive. |
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Definition
| regulates the amount of light entering the body tube |
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Term
| Compound light microscope |
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Definition
| The term light refers to the method by which light transmits the image to your eye. Compound deals with the microscope having more than one lens. Microscope is the combination of two words; "micro" meaning small and "scope" meaning view. Two more lenses or mirrors that allow you to enlarge an image |
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Definition
| the simplest part of an element that retain the properties of that element |
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Definition
| a subatomic particle with a positive charge and it is found in the nucleus |
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Definition
| A substance at the beginning of the chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance formed from a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of matter that is usually compact and has a definite volume and shape |
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Definition
| a state of matter that has low density and no definite volume and no definite shape |
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Definition
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Definition
| lowers the activation energy for a reaction to go |
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Definition
| energy available to do biological work; for example free energy is needed to synthesize proteins from single amino acids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a physical state of a substance, traditionally a solid, liquid, or gas |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of matter that does not have a definite shape but does have a definite volume |
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Term
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Definition
| the regions that the electrons travel around the nucleus in |
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Definition
| a measure of the concentration of H+(Hydrogen ions) in solutions. It is a scale that goes from 0-14 |
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Term
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Definition
| the substance dissolved in a solution. It is what gets dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that does the dissolving. A substance that dissolves another substance |
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Definition
| pH less than 7. It has a high concentration of the H+ |
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Term
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Definition
| pH greater than 7. It has a low concentration of H+ |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a subatomic particle that has no change and is found in the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| a subatomic particle that has a negative charge and is found outside the nucleus in energy levels |
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Definition
| an attraction between ions. It is a bond where the electrons are transferred and it usually forms between metals and nonmetals |
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Term
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Definition
| substance where 2 or more atoms combine chemically (they bond) in a fixed ratio |
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Definition
| the electrons are shared and usually forms between 2 nonmetals |
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Term
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Definition
| a charged atom (or group of atoms) resulting from an atom’s loss or gain of one or more negative charges |
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Term
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Definition
| Pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler forms |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture of different substances in which every part of the mixture is the same |
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Term
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Definition
| a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements according to atomic number as based on the periodic law |
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Term
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Definition
| a combination of 2 or more substances with no chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| the solution is the same everywhere = solution |
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Term
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Definition
| the mixture varies in concentration in different places |
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Definition
| organism that makes its own food through chemosynthesis of photosynthesis; blue-green bacteria are autotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| organisms requiring complex organic molecules for energy, and that must feed on matter produced by other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| series of changes an organism undergoes in reaching its final, adult form; one of four functions that distinguishes organisms as living creatures |
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Term
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Definition
| steady state of the internal operation of a living organism regardless of external changes |
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Definition
| branch of science that deals with living organisms and processes vital to life |
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Definition
| A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics. |
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Definition
| sum of all chemical reactions that occur in cells; hydrolysis |
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Term
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Definition
| anything capable of carrying on the life processes of a reproduction, growth and development, homeostasis, and organization; more than 2 million organisms have been identified |
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Term
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Definition
| developmental process by which generalized cells become specialized in order to form such structures as the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| the division of a cell in reproduction or growth. |
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Definition
| organisms consisting of more than one cell , and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions |
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Definition
| orderly, interrelated system of vital life processes or functions performed by a living organism; for example different kinds of cells group together to make up structures with complex |
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Term
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Definition
| an increase in the amount of living material in an organism; a function carried out by all organisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an organism that is only one cell |
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Term
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Definition
| cell biology a group of cells with a related function |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of organs that work together to perform a function |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum if all the chemical reactions in a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a complex containing membrane bound organelles |
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Term
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Definition
refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.
- The modern tenets of the cell theory include:
1. All known living things are made up of cells
2. All cells are structural & functional unit of all living things.
3. All cells same from pre-existing cells by division
(Spontaneous Generation does not occur) |
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Term
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Definition
| a structure of 2 or more tissues that work together to carry out a specific function |
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Definition
| a anything that has the 6 characteristics of life. A complex organism is a living thing composed of groups of organ systems |
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Definition
| a relationship of one type of organism with another |
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Term
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Definition
| a cell with no membrane bound organelles |
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