Term
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Definition
| unicellular, heterotrophic, animal-like protists |
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Definition
| photosynthetic, plant-like, autotrophic protists |
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Definition
| in protozoans, cytoplasm-containing extensions of the plasma membrane; aid in locomotion and feeding |
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Definition
| type of reproduction where one parent produces one or more identical offspring without fusion of gametes |
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Definition
| long, hair-like projections composed of pairs of microtubules; found on some cell surfaces; they help propel cells and organisms by whip-like motions |
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Definition
| group of protozoans of the phylum Ciliophora that have a covering of cilia that aids in locomotion |
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Definition
| group of parasitic protozoans of the phylum Sporozoa that reproduce by spore reproduction |
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Definition
| type of haploid (n) reproductive cell with a hard outer coat that forms a new organism without fusion of gametes |
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Definition
| body structure produced by some plants and some other organisms that lacks roots, stems, and leaves |
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Definition
| a group of cells that lives together in close association |
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Definition
| type of asexual reproduction in algae where an individual breaks into pieces and each piece breaks into a new individual |
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Term
| Alternation of Generations |
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Definition
| type of life cycle found in some algae, fungi, and all plants where an organisms alternates between a haploid (n) gametophyte generation and a diploid (2n) sporophyte generation |
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Term
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Definition
| haploid form of an organism in alternation of generations that produces gametes |
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Term
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Definition
| in algae and plants, the diploid (2n) form of an organism in alternation of generations that produces spores |
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Term
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Definition
| basic structural units of multicellular fungi are their thread-like filaments; develop from fungal spores; elongate at their tips and branch extensively to form a network of filaments, called mycelium |
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Term
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Definition
| hyphae elongate at their tips and branch extensively to form a network of filaments; different types of hyphae in mycelium: some anchor the fungus, some invade the food source, and others form fungal reproducive structures |
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Term
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Definition
| complex carbohydrate contained in the cell walls of most fungi; gives the fungal cell walls both strength and flexibility |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by parasitic fungi; specialized hyphae; penetrate and grow into host cells where they directly absorb the host cells' nutrients |
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Definition
| a form of asexual reproduction in which mitosis occurs and a new individual pinches off from the parent, matures, and eventually separates from the parent |
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Definition
| a sac or case in which spores are produced |
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Definition
| fungal hyphae that grow horizontally along a surface and rapidly produce a mycellium |
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Definition
| fungal hyphae that penetrate food and anchor a mycelium; secrete enzymes for extracellular digestion and absorb nutrients |
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Definition
| thick-walled spores of zygomycetes that can withstand unfavorable conditions |
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Definition
| structure that contains a haploid nucleus; formed by the fusion of haploid hyphae |
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Definition
| tiny, sac-like structures in ascomycetes in which ascospores develop |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual spores of ascomycete fungi that develop within an ascus |
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Term
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Definition
| in ascomycetes, elongated, up-right hyphae that produce conidia at their tips |
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Term
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Definition
| chains or clusters of asexual ascomycete spores that develop on the tips of conidiophores |
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Term
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Definition
| club-shaped hyphae of basidiomycete fungi that produce spores |
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Definition
| spores produced in the basidia of basidiomycetes during sexual reproduction |
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Definition
| club-shaped hyphae of basidiomycete fungi that produce spores |
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Definition
| mutualistic relationship in which a fungus lives symbiotically with a plant |
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Definition
| organism formed from a sybiotic association between a fungus, usually an ascomycete, and a photosynthetic green algae or cyanobacteria |
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Definition
| male reproductive structure where sperm develop in the male gametophyte |
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Definition
| female reproductive structure where eggs develop in the female gametophyte |
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Definition
| compact cluster of spore-bearing leaves produced by some non-seed vascular plants |
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Definition
| gametophyte structure in non-seed vascular plants that produces antheridia and/or archegonid |
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Definition
| thick, underground stem produced by ferns and other vascular plants; often functions as an organ for food storage |
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Definition
| clusters of sporangia usually found on the surface of fern fronds |
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Definition
| in seed plants, structure in which the male gametophyte develops, consists of sperm cells, nutrients, and a protective outer covering |
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Term
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Definition
| in seed plants, the sporophyte structure surrounding the developing female gametophyte; forms the seed after fertilization |
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Definition
| the young, diploid sporophyte of a plant |
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Definition
| structure of seed plant embryo that stores or absorbs food for the developing embryo; may become the plants first leaves when the plant emerges from the soil |
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Definition
| seed-containing, rippened ovary of an anthophyte flower; may be fleshy or dry |
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Definition
| plants that lose all of their leaves at the same time; an adaptation for reducing water loss when water is unavailable |
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Definition
| class of anthophytes that have one cotyledon, parallel leaf, venation, and flower parts in multiples of three |
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Definition
| class of anthophytes that have two cotyledons; reticulate leaf, vantion, and flower parts in multiples of four or five |
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Definition
| anthophyte that lives for one year or less |
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Definition
| anthophyte that flowers after only two years of growth |
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Term
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Definition
| anthophyte that lives for several years |
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