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| the arrangements of formal elements in an artwork |
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| alternation high and low sections of a wall, giving a notched appearance and creating permanent defensive shields in the walls of fortified buildings |
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| the solid baseline that indicates the ground plane on which the figure stands. In ancient representations, such as those of the Egyptians, the figures and the objects are placed on a series of groundlines to indicate depth (space in registers) |
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| the use of different sizes for significant or holy figures and those of the everyday world to indicate importance. The larger the figure, the greater the importance |
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| the study of the significance and interpretation of the subject matter of art |
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| images formed by small colored stone or glass pieces (tesserae) affixed to a hard, stable surface |
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| a device used in systems of spatial definition. In painting, a register indicates the use of differing groundlines to differentiate layers of space within an image. In sculpture, the placement of self contained bands of reliefs in a vertical arrangement. In printmaking, the marks at the edges used to align the print correctly on the page, especially in multiple block color printing |
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| relief sculpture whose figures project slightly from the background |
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| Relief sculpture in which the image projects strongly from the background |
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| any art that does not represent observable aspects of nature or transforms visible forms into a stylized image. Also: the formal qualities of this process |
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| an architectural element used for support and/or decoration. Consists of a rounded or polygonal vertical shaft placed on a base and topped by a decorative capital. In classical architecture, built in accordance with the rules of one of the architectural orders. Can be free standing or attached to a background (engaged) |
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| a frame for a hieroglyphic inscription formed by a rope design surrounding an oval space. Used to signify a sacred or honored name. Also, in architecture, a decorative device or plaque, usually with a plain center used for inscriptions or epitaphs |
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| an open colonnaded courtyard, often having a pool and garden |
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| a flat-topped, one storied structure with slanted walls over an ancient Egyptian underground tomb |
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| a column attached to the wall |
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| a massive gateway formed by a pair of tapering walls of oblong shape. Erected by ancient Egyptians to mark the entrance to a temple complex |
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| in architecture, the exterior facing of a building, often in decorative patterns of a fine stone or brick. In decorative arts, a thin exterior layer of finer material (such as rare wood, ivory, metal, and semiprecious stones) laid over the form |
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| the topmost zone of a wall with windows in a bascilla extending above aisle roots. Provides direct light into the central interior space (the nave) |
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| a tall, 4-sided stone shaft, hewn from a single block, that tapers at the top and is completed by a pyramidion. A sun symbol erected by ancient Egyptiansin ceremonial places (such as entrances to temple complexes). Today used as a commemorative monument. |
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| a stone coffin, often rectangular and decorated with relief sculpture |
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| in architecture, evenly spaced, rounded parallel vertical grooves incised on shafts of columns or columnar elements (such a pilasters) |
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| a large interior room characterized by many closely spaced columns that support its roof |
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| In Egyptian tombs, the small room in which the ka statue was placed |
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| a large cemetery or burial area; literally a "city of the dead" |
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| the sculpted block that tops a column. According to the conventions of the orders, capitals include different decorative elements. Also: a historical capital is one displaying a narrative |
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| a medium made from clay fired over a low heat and sometimes left unglazed. Also: the orange brown color typical of the medium |
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| 3D sculpture that is carved free of any attaching background or block |
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| a vessel in the shape of a figurine or an animal, used for drinking or pouring liquids on special occasions |
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| a painting technique in which water-based pigments are applied to a surface of wet plaster. The color is absorbed by the plaster, becoming a permanent part of the wall |
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| created by painting on dried plaster, and the color may flake off |
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| a technique of hammering metal from the back to create protruding image. Elaborate reliefs are created with wooden armatures against which the metal sheets are pressed and hammered |
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| an arch built into a heavy wall just above a post-and-lintel structure (such as a gate, door, or window) to help support the wall above by transferring the load to the side wall |
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| a method of building using huge blocks of rough-hewn stone. Any large-scal monumental building project that impresses by sheer size. Named after cyclopes, one eyed giants of legendary strength in Greek myths |
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| a decorative or heraldic motif of repeated v's; a zigzag pattern |
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a vault made by projecting courses of stone
arch formed by courses of stones, each of which projects beyond the lower course until the space in enclosed |
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| a horizontal layer of stone used in building |
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| a highly finished, precisely cut block of stone. When laid in even courses, ashlar masonry creates a uniform face with fine joints. Often used as a facing on the visible exterior of the nuilding, especially as a veneer for the facade. Also called a dressed stone |
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| a corbel vaulted tomb, conical in shape like a beehive, and covered by an earthen mound |
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the main hall of a Mycenaean palace or grand house, having a columnar porch and a room with a central fireplace surrounded by 4 columns
the large reception hall in a Mycenaean palace, fronted by an open two column porch |
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| a descriptive term indicating an emphasis on a line, as opposed to mass or color, in art |
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| in ancient Greece, usually the site of the city's most important temples |
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| an open square or space used for public meetings or business in ancient Greece |
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| the chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a classical temple, the room in which the cult statue usually stood |
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| a series or row of columns |
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| an Italian term meaning "set against,: used to describe the twisted pose resulting from parts of the body set in opposition to each other around a central axis |
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| the arrangement, proportions, and details of any vertical side or face of a building |
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| the illusion created on a flat surface in which the figures and objects appear to recede or project sharply into space |
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| a painting technique using pigments mixed with hot wax as a medium |
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| a slight swelling of the shaft of a Greek column |
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| a work of art in which forms are recreated primarily to evoke an emotion |
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| a painting technique in which water based pigments are applied to a surface of wet or dried plaster |
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| the middle element of an entablature |
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| the carved or painted rectangular panel between the tryglyphs of a Doric frieze |
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| the process of creating a 3D illusion on a 2D surface |
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| empty or open space in art and architecture |
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| the imposition of a strict grid plan on a site, regardless of the terrain, so that the streets meet at right angles |
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| a term that is used to describe any building that is surrounded by a single row of columns |
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| a surrounding colonnade in Greek architecture |
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| the space or porch in front to the cella of an ancient Greek temple |
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| an arch built into a heavy wall to help support the weight |
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| an open building with a roof supported by a row of columns parallel to the back wall |
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| mixture of lime, sand, and other ingredients into a material that can be easily molded or lodeled |
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