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| the device of using a character and/or story elements symbollically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. |
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| the repitition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). Although the term is not used in the multiple choice sextion, you can look for it in any passage. The repitition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, and/or supply a musical sound. |
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| a direct or indirect reference to something which is preseumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. they can be historical (like referring to hitler), literary (like referring to Kurtz in Heart of Darkness), religous, or mythical. |
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| the multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence or passage. |
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| the repetition of a key word, especially the last one, at the beginning of the next sentence or clause. Ex. "he gave his life; life was all he could give." |
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| a similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. it can explain something unfamiliar by association it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. |
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| the rhetorical device of repeating a work or a phrace at the beginning of a successive clauses or sentences for emphasis and rhythm |
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| a thing or person accursed or dammed. a thing or persont greatly detested. a formal curse or condemnation excommunicating a person from a church or damning something, any strong curse. |
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| the word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. |
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| using a sequence of ideas that abruptly diminish in dignity or importance at the end of a sentence gernerally for satirical effect. |
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| repeating words in reverse order for surprise and emphasis |
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| a contrast or opposition of thoughts, usuailly in two phrases, clauses or sentences. Ex. "you are going; i am staying." the exact opposite. |
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| a tense statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. it can be a memorable summation of the author's point |
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| a figure of speech that directly adresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity. william wordsworth address john milton as he writes "miltion, thou shouldst be living at this house: england hath need of thee." |
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| the original patterny, or model from which all other things of the same kind are mase; a perfect example of a type or group |
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| the repetition of vowel sounds in a series of words. Ex. the words "cry" and "side" have the same vowel sound. |
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| the practice of leaving out the usual conjunctions between coordinate sentence elements. Ex. smile, shake hands, part. |
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| the emotional mood created by the entirety of a literay work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. it can foreshadow events |
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| the position or posture assumed in connection with an action, feeling, mood. also a manner of acting, feeling, or thinking that shows one's disposition, opinion, or mental set. |
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| in this, the prases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length. Ex. "he maketh me to lie down in green pastures; he leadeth me besides the still waters." |
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| an abrupt change from the lofty to the ordinary trivial in writing or speeach; anticlimax |
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| harsh sounding, jarring sound, dissonance |
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| similar to antimetabole; but reversing the gramatical elements rather than just words, for emphasis |
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| a gramatical unit containing both a subject and a verb. " because i practiced hard, my ap scores were high." |
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| an overused, wornout, hackneyed expression that used to be fresh but is no more. "Blushing bride" and "clinging vine" |
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| arranging words, clauses, or sentences in order of their importance, the least forcible coming first and the others rising in power until the last. |
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| the use of slang or informalities in speeceh or writing. |
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| contains one or more principle clauses and one or more subordiante clauses. "He backed his car into the oak tree that had been planted by his aunt." |
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| contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinate conjunction (and,but,or) or by a semicolon. " The singer bowed to the audience, but she sang no encores." |
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| compound-complez sentence |
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| contains two or more principal clauses and one or more subordinate clauses. "the singer bowed while the audience applauded, but she sang no encores." |
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| a fanciful expression usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. A conceit displays intellectial clerness due to the unusual comparison mode. |
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| the non-literal associative meaning of a word; the implied meaning. |
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| the repetition of a consonant sound within a series of words to produce a harmonious effect. "and each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds |
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| sentence that begings with the main idea and adds additional information usually description. "we reached edmonton/that morning/after a turbulent flight/and some exciting experiences." |
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| a sentence that makes a statement. "the king is sick." |
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| the strict literal dictionary definition of a word. |
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| a plan. something used to gain an artistic effect. |
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| the writers word choices especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. |
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| literally means "teaching". primary aim of teaching or intstructing especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles |
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| the emission of a word or words necessay for complete gramatical construction but understood in the context. "if possible" for "if it is possible" |
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| opening and closing a sentence with the same word or phrase for suprise and emphasis. "buster is deeply concerned to promote the health and well being of Buster." |
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| a formal composition written in the form of a letter addressed to a distant person or group of people. |
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| an inscription on a tomb or gravestone in memory of the person buried there. |
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| polite substitutes for unpleasant words or concepts. "earthly remains" rather then "corpse" |
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| the quality of having a pleasant sound. a pleasant combination of agreeable sounds. |
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| the repetition of words or grammatical elements to achieve cumulative force and rhythym. |
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| a _____ developed at great length, occuring frequently in or throughout a work. |
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| a brief story usually with animal characters that teaches a lesson. |
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| compare dissimilar things. examples "apostrophe, hyperbole, ironly, metaphor, metonymy" |
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| kinds or types of literature. "poetry, fiction, novel" |
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| a sermon or morally instructive lecture. |
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| an exaggerated way of saying something. "this book weighs a ton" |
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| anything in a literary work that calls up sensations of sight taste smell touch heat and pressure. "my heart is singing like a bird." |
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| to conclude or decided from something known or assumed. |
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| a violent verbal attack. strong criticism |
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| inverted order of a sentence |
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| predicate comes before the subject. |
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| an implied contrast. contrast between what is said and what is intended. |
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| rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrass are placed next to one another creating an effect of surprise and wit. "the apparition of these faces in the crowd" |
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| entire body of words used in a text, not simply isolated bits of diction.. |
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| _____ employs words in their ordinary meanings. ______ uses words metaphorically. |
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| a statement that seems contradictory unbllievable or absurd but that may actually be true in fact. |
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| grammatical or structural similarity between sentences and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased. "he was walking, running, and jumping for joy." |
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| refers to the repeated use of phrases clauses or sentences that are similar in structure and meaning. |
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| a literary work that makes fun of another work. |
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| an unnecessary display of scholarship lacking in judgement or sense of proportion. |
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| postpones the main idea to the end, adding information at the beginning to built interest or tension. "that morning after a turbulent flight and some exciting experiences, we reached edmonton." |
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| the treatment of an object or an abstract idea as if it were a person. |
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| the person or intelligence the writer creates to tell the story to the reader. |
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| the ordinary form of written or spoken language without rhyme or meter. speech or writing that is not poetry. |
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| the science or art of versification, including the study of metrical structure rhyme stanza forms. |
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| play on words that are identical or similar in sound but have sharply diverse meanings. |
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| a device in which words, sounds, and ideas are used more than once to enhance rhythm and create emphasis. |
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| the skill of using unspoken or written communication effectively. it is the art of guiding the reader or listener to agreement with the write or speaker, |
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| rhetorical modes or forms of discourse |
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| narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative. |
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| a question that expects no answer. used to draw attention to a point and is generally stronger than a direct statement. |
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| a story that presents remote or imaginative incidents rather than ordinary commonplace experiences. |
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| a taunting sneering cutting or caustic remark. |
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| ridicules various aspects of human behavior. its purpose is often to correct certain faults, but underneath the surface it is sometimes pure personal attack. |
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| the nature, structure, development and changes of the meanings of speech forms or with contextual meaning. |
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| how a speaker or author constructs a _____ affects what the audience understands. |
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| a change in feelings by the speaker from the beginning to the end, paying particular attention to the conclusion of the literature. |
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| the comparison of two different things with the use of like or as. |
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| contains one subject and one verb. "the singer bowed to her adoring audience." |
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| split order of a sentence |
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| divides the predicate into two parts with the subject coming in the middle. "in california oranges grow." |
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| a narrative technique that presents thoughts as if they were coming directly from a characters mind. |
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| a group of different aspects of writing that have to do with the writer's way of saying something. |
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| an argument or form of reasoning in which two statements or premises are made and a logical conclusion can be drawn from them. |
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| a thing or action that is made to mean more than itself. "rose for love" |
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| a part of something is used to signify the whole: "all hands on deck" |
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| detail that moves from the stimulation of one sense to a response by another sense as a certain odor induces the visualization of a certain color. "the cinnamon beat of music." |
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| consists of sentence structure and word oer but analysis of style and meaning never relies on one concept alone. |
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| what the author is saying about the subjects in his work. |
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| the writer or speakers attitude towards the subject and his audience. |
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| is applied to something especially an expression or idea which through repeated use or application has lost its original freshness. |
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| the opposite of hyperbole. it is a kind of irony that deliberately represents something as being much less than it really is. "i could probably mannage to survive on a salary of two million dollars a year." |
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| using the native language of a country or place. |
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