Shared Flashcard Set

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vocab
ch 14 and 15
23
Science
9th Grade
11/18/2009

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Mutation
Definition
a change in the structure or amount of the genetic material of an organism
Term
nondisjunction
Definition
a failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis 1
Term
polyploidy
Definition
an abnormal condition of having more than two sets of chromosmes
Term
operon
Definition
 a unit of adjacent genes that consists of functionally related structural and their associated regulatory genes
Term
transcription factor
Definition
an enzyme that is needed to begin and/or continue genetic transcription
Term
intron
Definition
a nucleotide sequence that is part of a gene and that is transcribed from DNA into mRNA but not translated into amino acids
Term
exon
Definition
one of several nonadjacent nucleotide sequences that are part of one gene and are transcribed
Term
domain
Definition
in proteins a functional unit that has  distinctive pattern of structural folding
Term
genome
Definition
the complete genetic material in an individual
Term
plasmid
Definition
a genetic structure  that can replicate independently
Term
transposon
Definition
a genetic sequence that is rapidly moved
Term
cell differentiation
Definition
things that make cells different
Term
apoptosis
Definition
a genetically controlled process that reads to the death of a cell
Term
genomics
Definition
the study of genomes
Term
microarray
Definition
a device that contains a microscale 
Term
DNA fingerprint
Definition
a pattern of DNA characteristics
Term
genetic engineering 
Definition
a technology which the genome of a living cell is modofied
Term
reombinant DNA
Definition
DNA molecules that are artificially created
Term
clone
Definition
an exact copy
Term
stem cell
Definition
a cell that can divide repeatedly into anything it needs to
Term
restriction enzyme
Definition
an enzyme that cuts DNA fragments
Term
DNA polymorphisis
Definition
variations in DNA sequences
Term
electrophoresis
Definition
the process by which electrically charged particles suspended in liquid moves through liquid
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