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Vocab !
Vocab Words
32
Mathematics
8th Grade
12/31/2011

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Term
Acute triangle
Definition
A triangle that has each angle measuring less than 90°.
Term
Adjacent angles:
Definition
Angles that share a common side and common vertex and do not overlap.
Term
Alternate exterior angles
Definition
A pair of angles located outside a set of parallel lines and on opposite sides of the transversal.
Term
Alternate interior angles
Definition
A pair of angles located between a set of parallel lines and on opposite sides of the transversal.
Term
Box-and-whisker plot:
Definition
A graphic method for showing a summary of data using median, quartiles and extremes of data.
Term
Complementary angles
Definition
Two angles whose measures, when added together, equal 90°.
Term
Compound event
Definition
An event made up of two or more simple events.
Term
Coordinate plane/graph
Definition
A two-dimensional system in which the coordinates of a point are its distances from both a horizontal and a vertical line called the axes. The pairs of numbers are called ordered pairs. The first number, called the x-coordinate, designates the distance along the horizontal axis. The second number, called the y-coordinate, designates the distance along the vertical axis. The point at which the two axes intersect has the coordinates (0,0) and is called the origin.
Term
Corresponding angles (1)
Definition
When a transversal intersects two lines, corresponding angles are on the same side of the transversal and on the same side of the given lines. In the figure below, angles 1 and 2 are corresponding.
Term
Corresponding angles (2)
Definition
Angles in the same relative position in similar or congruent figures.
Term
Equilateral triangle
Definition
A triangle whose sides are all the same length.
Term
Experimental probability
Definition
A statement of probability based on the results of a series of trials.
Term
Independent events
Definition
Two events in which the outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of the other event.
Term
Isosceles triangle
Definition
A triangle that has exactly two congruent sides.
Term
Linear function
Definition
An equation whose graph in a coordinate plane is a straight line.
Term
Mutually exclusive events
Definition
Two events that cannot occur at the same time.
Term
Net
Definition
A two-dimensional shape that can be folded to create a three-dimensional figure.
Term
Obtuse triangle
Definition
A triangle with one angle that measures more than 90º.
Term
Order of operations
Definition
Rules describing what sequence to use in evaluating expressions. (1) Perform operations in grouping symbols, (2) Evaluate exponents, (3) Multiply or divide from left to right, (4) Add or subtract from left to right.
Term
Perfect square
Definition
The product of an integer multiplied by itself (e.g., 121 is a perfect square because 11x11=121).
Term
Permutation
Definition
Possible orders, or arrangements of a set of items. Placing these items in a different order results in a new permutation.
Term
Prism
Definition
A three-dimensional solid that has two congruent and parallel faces that are polygons. The remaining faces are rectangles. Prisms are named by their bases.
Term
Proportion
Definition
An equation showing that two ratios are equal.
Term
Pythagorean theorem
Definition
A formula for finding the length of a side of a right triangle when the lengths of two sides are given. (leg2 + leg2 = hypotenuse 2 or a2 + b2 = c2)
Term
Scalene triangle
Definition
A triangle with no congruent sides.
Term
Scatterplot
Definition
A graph with points plotted to show a relationship between two variables.
Term
Scientific notation
Definition
A form of writing very large or very small numbers using a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 multiplied by a power of 10 (e.g., 4.7 x 109 = 4,700,000,000).
Term
Stem-and-leaf plot
Definition
A data display that shows groups of data arranged by place value.
Term
Supplementary angles
Definition
Two angles whose measures, when added together, equal 180°.
Term
Surface area
Definition
The sum of the areas of all of the faces of a three-dimensional figure.
Term
Theoretical probability
Definition
A statement of the probability of an event without doing an experiment or analyzing data.
Term
Vertical angles
Definition
A pair of opposite congruent angles formed when two lines intersect.
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