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the most central or typical value in a set of quantitative data
mean = the sum of all the measurements divided by the total number of measurements |
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| a pictorial display of a set of data using bars to indicate the value, amount and size of the dependent variable for each level of the independent variable tested (discrete data) |
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| measurement of count of data for which all possible values exist whether tested or not. Ex. Time, volume. When both the independent and dependent variables result in continuous data, the data can be graphed as either a line graph or a bar graph. |
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| Descriptive statistics (summary statistics) |
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| statistics that describe for a set of data the most typical values and a variation within a set. |
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| discrete (discontinuous) data |
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| data that exists in categories that are seperate and do not overlap. Ex. Brands of products and kinds of paper. When displayed by a scale on a graph, the points between the defined categories do not have any meaning. Discrete data can be graphed as a bar graph but not as a line. |
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| the line along the bottom of a graph on which the scale for the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE is placed |
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| the methods or mathematical procedures by which to determine if the variations between sets of data are statistically significant or not. The statistics that indicate the likelihood that the variation occurred by chance or as a result of the independent variable. |
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| the level of probability set by the experimenter for rejecting the hypothesis. It is the level of probability that the experiment's results were due to the independent variable and not chance. |
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| a pictorial display of data that can be drawn when the data for both variables are continuous data. The line in a line graph shows the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. |
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| a smooth line drawn so that the totals of the distances between the line and the points above it are equal (roughly half the data points are above and half are below the line). The line which can be either a straight line or a smooth curved line, shows the relationship between the independent and dependent variable |
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| the central value in a set of data ranked from highest to lowest. Half the data are above it and half are below. |
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| the most typical or central value of a set of qualatative data. It is the value that occurs the most often in a set |
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| data for a series of discrete categories for which there is not a basis for rank ordering. Ex. gender; hair color |
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| Normal curve (distribution) |
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| a theoretical frequency distribution whose graph takes the form of a bell |
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| a hypothesis based on the assumption that 2 samples are from the same population and therefore have identical means or means which differ no more than would be expected from chance |
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| data collected for categories that can be ranked order |
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| equal to the level of significance when the calculated value of a statistic and the table values are equal. |
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| verbal descriptions or information gathered using scales without equal intervals or zero points. Such scales are non-standard scales. |
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| information (data) gathered from counts or measurements using scales having equal sized intervals and a zero value. Such scales are standard scales. |
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| a measurement of how a set of measurements or count data is spread out. It is calculated by subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value. |
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| the specific set: of individuals, selected from a population, to be the subjects in an experiment |
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| the measure of how closely the individual data points cluster around the mean |
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| the criterion for the decision that the results of an experiment did not happen by chance, but were the result of the independent variable |
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| and inferential statistical test that is used to determine whether differences exist between the means or 2 samples. |
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Definition
| statistics that describe how spread out the values in a set of data are. |
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| the line drawn on the left of a graph on which the scale for the DEPENDENT VARIABLE is placed |
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