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| A feild of inter-disoplenary reserch, arechology and natuarl scicne is directed at the reconsturcion of human use of plant and animlas and how past societies adapted to chanigng enviornmental conditoins |
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| Rise in the level of land relative to the sea caused by the relaxation of Ice Age conditions. When a glaciour metls weight is no longer on land, land is risen up. |
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| Displatement in the pltaes that make upthe Earth's crust, often represented by the ocurance of raised beaches |
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| a subdivisiono fgeogropy conserned with the study of the form and development ofthe landscape it includes such specilazations as seoimontology |
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| using a microspope to study nature and organize components of soil |
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| Primary cultural deposits |
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| occumulation of matieral on the surface by huamns |
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| Secondary cultural deposits |
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| primary deposits that have been moved or modified |
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| Teritary cultural deposits |
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| complete removial from origal context, sometimes for re-use |
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| communities in plants that can be mapped by pollen remains |
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| fossizlied fecies these contain food residues taht can be used to reconstruct diet and substenence |
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| SET (site explanation technique) |
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| ara around remains of site and things to be used by human |
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| the study and analisis of fossile pollen as an aid to the reconstruction of past vegatation and climet |
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Band
semi small scale sociteyes of unter gathers genraly less than 100 people who move from place to place sessonlay to explaid wild food resaoures. Kinship plays a roll in social organization |
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tribe
gropu lager than a band ralry more than a few thousand, sattle ed farmters with some nomatic aspects who's econmy is based on explotatoin of livestoc. |
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| society that operates on principle of rank and diffrent social statous. Linieges are graded on a sale of prestige calulated how closley one is realted to cheif. Genrally has permenent ritual centesr as well as being characters by specilazations |
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| Tetoires bondries and characters by strong cental government in which the operation of political power is sanctioned by registerable force. |
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| classified sites in a way with regulary spacced patterns with city at cetner smaller areas tought. |
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| spacing and foundation of settlment landscape under ideal conditioans, centaral places of same size and nature equal distance, smaller stalies cites inbetween. |
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| geometic shape that devides an area into numbers of separte terraotires |
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| if there is a surplus of crop people can specalize on one thing such as seing, baking ect. |
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| stories passed down though mouth |
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| Artifiacts of Administraion |
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| Itmes held by peple of high rank, goverment seal, ect |
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| Standraization of weights and messures |
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| primary center of organzaion burocracy |
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| more complex a society/system is the more economic specilazation it has. |
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| immitatingh the builing style, artifiacts, and most often deffence stratagy of another society if warfar related things then often an enemy. |
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| means of survial: fod/water |
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| food eaten at a certain period of time or specific event |
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| pattern of consumption over a logn perdiod of time |
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| experemnts/ replecation work |
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| pratical of silica found on edge of kife/tooth |
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anylysis of bone/knfe to see where damages on it came rom.
Bone:
v-tool
u-teath |
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| life history of bone/item after it has been used |
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| diffrnece between male/female |
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| human interfernace with the breeding of a certain species |
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| changes in the line of domesticated animal ex: bony outgrowths in ankles of plough animals |
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| detection /id of blood on edge of stone tool to identefy what was cut |
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| read chemicals to see what sigunaure left in the body by food |
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| natual stone that looks like an atifact |
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| product of human actaion,uses some kind of chemical chagne by fire |
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| area where ceartain mineral/stone can be dug up, open cast and shaft versions |
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| souce for larger peies of stone often carved on site |
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| waste matiral from fling mapping |
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| method that can tell if an item was heated |
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| ptuing pecies of stone back togehter |
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| fie used to heat and chemiclay chagne something |
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| properties of metals and their production and purification. |
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| heating and hammering again and again |
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| Metallagraphic examination |
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| looking at a meatal under a microscope |
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| waste matiarl when smelting |
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| mroe expensive metal layerd on top of a less expencive metal |
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