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Vocab for 2nd Test
Vocab from Ch. 8, 9, & 11 of A World of Art
38
Art History
Undergraduate 1
11/14/2010

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Term
Binder
Definition
the substance that holds pigments together. material in which pigment is suspended
Term
Ground
Definition
coating applied to a canvas or printmaking plate to prepare it for painting or etching. gesso is most popular
Term
Pigment
Definition
coloring agents of a medium. Color element in paint
Term
Stippling
Definition
pattern of closely placed dots or small marks used to create the effect of shadowing
Term
Pastel
Definition
chalk medium with colored pigment and a non-greasy binder added to it. border of drawing/painting
Term
Wash
Definition
diluted ink applied to broad areas of a drawing with a brush
Term
Watercolor
Definition
pigment mixed with gum arabic. aqueous medium. painting medium consisting of pigments suspended in water and gum arabic
Term
Gouache
Definition
opaque watercolor. potential for opacity. inert white makes colors opaque without changing pigment. layered, not blended like a watercolor. virtually the same as watercolor except for this
Term
Acrylics
Definition
Pigments suspended in polymer resin & water
Term
Collage
Definition
work made by pasting various pieces of material onto the surface of a composition
Term
Didacticism
Definition
art making approach emphasizing its ability to teach
Term
Fresco
Definition
Painting on plaster, dry or wet
Term
Impasto
Definition
thickly applied paint
Term
Mixed media
Definition
the combination of two or more media in a single work
Term
Oil paint
Definition
medium using linseed oil as a binder
Term
Solvent
Definition
a thinner that enables paint to flow more readily and cleans brushes
Term
Tempera
Definition
painting medium that combines water, pigment and egg yolk
Term
Connotation
Definition
implied meaning by an image
Term
Denotation
Definition
direct or literal meaning of an image
Term
Principles of Design
Definition
Unity & Variety, emphasis (w/ focal point) & subordination, rhythm (simple, alternating, progressive), balance (symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial), scale & proportion
Term
Unity
Definition
sense of oneness. related & coherent. whole
Term
Variety
Definition
difference. variation
Term
conceptual unity
Definition
a variety of ideas, which may enhance or even replace visual unity
Term
symmetrical balance
Definition
2 halves on either side of vertical dividing line correspond to one another in size, shape, & placement
Term
asymmetrical balance
Definition
2 halves do not correspond to each other
Term
radial symmetry
Definition
elements of composition literally radiating outward or inward toward a core
Term
emphasis
Definition
certain parts are more attractive than others. viewer's attention directed to those. focal point is within this
Term
subordination
Definition
certain areas are made less interesting on purpose in order to force attention to certain areas
Term
6 Ways of Creating Focal Point
Definition
Strong directional lines, manipulation of light, placement, isolation, contrast, content
Term
scale
Definition
size of whole in relation to other whole forms within the context of normal or usual size
Term
proportion
Definition
size relationship between parts of whole or between 2 or more parts perceived as collective whole
Term
visual rhythm
Definition
occurs with the repetition of selected visual elements. shape is common
Term
progressive rhythm
Definition
gradually increases or decreases according to a set pattern
Term
2 qualities most often associated w/ drawings
Definition
Familiarity (done w/ materials we are used to using. we have all drawn) & Intimacy (often examples of artist's private note-taking)
Term
Dry drawing mediums
Definition
graphite, metal point, charcoals, chalks & crayons, pastels
Term
liquid drawing mediums
Definition
pen & ink, brush & ink, ink wash
Term
2 reasons painting is dominant artistic media
Definition
usually contains full variety of colors & often framed which adds to importance
Term
painting mediums
Definition
encaustic, oil, tempera, watercolor, goache, acrylic, fresco
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