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| Anthropogenic climate change |
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Definition
| Climate change brought on by human activity |
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| The specialized position, in society or ecology, that a person/organism holds |
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| Generalists vs Specialists |
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| Generalist species can survive in a wide variety of environmental conditions, while specialist species require a narrow range of environmental conditions in order to thrive |
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| The distribution patterns of species/organisms/ecosystems in space and through time |
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| The distribution patterns of species/organisms/ecosystems in space and through time |
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| The ecological/environmental area a species inhabits |
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| The geographical area a species has inhabited in recent times (5000~ years) excluding changes caused by human activity |
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| The degree of variation of life forms within a ecosystem, biome, or entire planet |
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| The manner by which a species is dispersed through space |
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| Various factors that govern the climate including rain, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity and temperature |
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| A species that is living outside of its natural range, introduced by human activity |
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| Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |
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Definition
| Scientific intergovernmental body responsible for reviewing information produced worldwide relevant to the understanding of climate change |
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Definition
| A measure of biodiversity; the difference in diversity of species between two or more ecosystems in an area, expressed as the total number of species unique to each ecosystem |
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| Range – expansion vs contraction |
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Definition
| Growth/loss of specie’s range |
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| The interactions between species in a community |
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| Long-distance movement of individuals, usually on a seasonal basis |
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| The ability to reproduce (fertility) |
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| Species movement away from an existing population or away from the parent organism |
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| The end of an organism (taxon [group of organisms]), usually a species |
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| Sea surface temperature (SST) |
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Definition
| The water temperature close to the ocean’s surface |
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| How hot or cold the air is |
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| The destruction of forests to be converted into non-forest use such as agriculture |
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| The % of sky obscured by clouds when observed from a particular location |
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| Changes in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population due to mutation, natural/artificial selection, gene flow, and genetic drift |
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| The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species; important as a method of adaptation to changing environments |
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| The evolutionary process by which a population becomes better suited to its habitat |
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| The state or fact of being varying; the act or process of varying |
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Definition
| The stage when the leaves emerge from the bud break (stage when a leaf bud has opened just enough to show a green tip) and start to unfold/separate. |
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| Refers to a time when food yields will be unable to supply the deman for the globe and prices theoretically explode to unimaginable heights |
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| Water flow that occurs when soil is infiltrated to full capacity and excess water flows over the land |
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| Layers of compacted snow that form in high-altitude regions where it remains cold for extended periods of time |
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| The continuous movement/recycling of water on/above/below the surface of earth |
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| Drainage basin – area of land where all of the surface water from rain/melting snow/ice converges to a single point |
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| Ancient water stored in underground reservoirs |
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| Suspension of a fine solid particle or liquid droplet in a gas- includes air pollutions such as smog/smoke |
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| Aerosol that can sometimes find its way onto glaciers and decrease their albedo |
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Definition
| The reflectivity of a surface |
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| A large, persistent body of ice |
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| The melting of glaciers across the globe- 95% are in retreat since 1850 |
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| A microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease to it’s host |
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| The system set in place to cultivate plants, animals, fungi, and other life forms for human consumption/use |
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| Substances that cause instability, disorder, harm, or discomfort to the ecosystem |
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| An organism that carries disease from one host to another (i.e. mosquitos) |
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| Clinically evident diseases resulting from infection that can be spread to other hosts |
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| To make less severe or painful |
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| A measurement of hotness/coldness |
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| The increase in concentration of a substance that occurs in a food chain as it moves up the chain |
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Term
| Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) |
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Definition
| Organic compounds that have high vapor pressure at room temperature, causing large numbers of the molecule to evaporate from the solid/liquid form and enter the air |
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Term
| Volatile inorganic compounds (VICs) |
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Definition
| Inorganic compounds that have high vapor pressure at room temperature, causing large numbers of the molecule to evaporate from the solid/liquid form and enter the air |
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| The primary method of public health research which helps inform policy decisions and evidence-based medicine |
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| Toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi that readily colonize crops |
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Definition
O3
In lower atomosphere, it is a pollutant. In upper atmosphere, it is an essential part of the atmosphere to protect us from radiation |
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| Any disease that can be transferred from a non-human animal to a human or vice-versa |
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| Residual, semi-solid material leftover from industrial wastewater, or sewage treatment processes |
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| Physical property of a molecule that is repelled from a mass of water |
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| The ability for a molecule to cross an organism’s cell membrane from the environment, if the organism is exposed to the chemical |
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| Unintentional diffusion of sprayed pesticides |
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| Process whereby a substance sample is vaporized |
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| The ability of a material to decompose by natural processes |
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| Climate-linked epidemic hypothesis |
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Definition
| Prediction that amphibians are more likely to die in warmer years |
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| All of the eggs produced by birds/reptiles, often at the same time, usually kept in a nest |
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| OPEC (the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) |
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Definition
| Algeria, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Angola, Indonesia, Ecuador, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates |
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