Term
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Definition
- Superior Vena Cava (SVC), Inferior vena cava (IVC), coronary sinus
- Rt atrium
- Tricupsid valve (Rt AV valve)
- Rt ventricle
- Pulmonary semilunar valves
- Pulmonary trunk
- Pulmonary ateries
- Lungs
- Pulmonary veins
- Lf Atrium
- Mitral (bicuspid valve)
- Lf ventricle
- Aortic semilunar valve
- Aortic Arch
- Brachiocephalic artery
- Lf common carotid artery
- Lf sublcavian artery
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Term
| Discuss the size, location and position of the heart |
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Definition
- Four-chambered, hollow, musular organ, not much bigger than a fist
- Lies in the mediastinum
- 2/3 of the heart lies left of the midline
- Lower border is called the apex
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Term
| Name the chambers of the heart and what type of blood it receives/pumps |
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Definition
- Rt atrium receives deoxygenated blood
- Rt ventricle pumps deoxygentated blood
- Lf atrium receives oxygenated blood
- Lf ventricle pumps oxygenated blood
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Term
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Definition
- Atrioventricular valves consist of: Tricuspid and the Mitral (bicuspid) AV valves
- Semilunar valves include: Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
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Term
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Definition
An inherent ability of the heart muscle tissue to initiate an impulse by itself leading to a cardiac muscle contration
Triggered by the presence of calcium |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to respond to stimuli |
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Term
| What is the pacemaker of the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the impulse pattern of the heart
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Definition
- SA node
- AV node (gate keeper)
- Bundle of HIS (AV bundle)
- Rt/Lf bundle branches
- Purkinje fibers
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Term
| A complete heartbeat consist of: |
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Definition
- The atria contract while ventricles relax
- The ventricles contract while the atria relax
- Systole (S1 heart sound)-phase of contraction-LUBB
- Diastole (S2 heart sound)-phase of relaxation-DUBB
1/3 of the cardiac cycle
S1 LUBB, AV valves close, Semilunar valves close, S2 DUBB
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Term
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Definition
Degree of streching of the ventricle during ventricular diastole; pressure in the ventricles
Ventricles are loaded |
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Term
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Definition
Tension the ventricle must produce to open the semilunar valves and eject blood; the fluid pressure the vetricle has to overcome to push away from the heart. |
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Term
| A doctor says, " Mr. Doe needs some pre-load," what is the dr. referring to? |
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Definition
| The patient needs fluid, typically N.S.(normal saline) |
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Term
| What does a pulmonary artery cath measure? |
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Definition
| The pressures within the heart; (Norm 4-10) |
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Term
| What is the goal of a pt with C/P or angina? |
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Definition
To re-establish circulation past the blockage
Either by thromboylitics or by way of the Cath lab |
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Term
| What is the same time frame to give pts thrombolytics? |
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Definition
| Within 4/5 hrs, as long as the pt does not have any underlying health problems |
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Term
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Definition
Morphine
Oxygen
Nitro
Asprin
Typical order is: Asprin, Oxygen, Nitro, Morphine |
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Term
| Prior to proceding with MONA, what should the nurse check for? |
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Definition
- Make sure pt doesn't have hx of bleeding disorders
- Check pts allergies
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Term
| What is the "standard" initial dose for Nitro? |
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Definition
0.4 mg SL Q 3-5 min, max 3 doses
Dose 1 & 2 work on pre-load and 3rd is for afterload
ANYTHING OVER 1.2 MG OF NITRO IS ARTERIAL VASODILATION |
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Term
| Do you follow MONA for unstable angina |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Unstable Angina
ST elevation MI
Non-ST elevation MI |
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Term
| What are the steps followed for a pt with a possible MI? |
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Definition
1. 12 lead EKG
2. Cardiac Markers: Troponin I (if above 2.0,myocardium has been effected), Troponin T, myoglobin, CKMB (>5% is positive)
3. Give IV beta blockers-Metoprolol 5mgX3 (2-3 min apart), then followed by 50mg PO, lowers HR and B/P, monitor Rate and Rhythm
4. Cath Lab or Thrombolytics (clot buster) |
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Term
| What is Prinzmetal's Angina? |
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Definition
It's caused by an irritated coronary artery
- stents that slip
- Cath lab procedures
- PTCA
- spasms of the heart
It's treated with CCB(calcium channel blockers) diltiazem(Cardizem), verapamil(Carlan)
It relaxes the heart, vasodilator; look at the lower extremities, usually see pitting edema as a side effect. |
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