Term
| Law of Specific Nerve Energies |
|
Definition
| Different neurons are stimulated by different things. (light, sound, touch) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An opening in the center of the iris. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rear surface of the eye which is lined with visual receptors. Light is projected onto the retina. |
|
|
Term
| Bipolar Cells/Ganglion Cells |
|
Definition
| A visual message fores from the retina, to bipolar cells, to ganglion cells which are located near the center of the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed by the ganglion cell axons, it exits through the back of the eye. (This creates a blind spot) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tiny area specialized for acute, detailed vision, located in the central portion of the retina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ganglion cells located in the fovea. They are very small and responds to just one cone (a receptor that picks up light and color). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abundant in the periphery of the human retina, responds to faint light but are not useful in daylight because they get washed out. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that release energy when struck by light. |
|
|
Term
| Trichromatic Theory/Young-Helmholtz Theory |
|
Definition
| We perceive color through the relative rates of response by three kinds of cones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the world that you see. |
|
|
Term
| Negative Color Afterimage |
|
Definition
| a lingering image (can be seen against white surfaces) in which green is switched with red, yellow with blue, and black with white. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| We perceive color in terms of opposites. Our brain contains different continuum for colors (a green to red continuum, for example). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to recognize colors despite changes in lighting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cortex compares info and color of each area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Color blindness. Most common form is being unable to distinguish red from green. (This is because their long and medium wavelength cones have the same photopigments). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Make inhibitory contact onto bipolar cells, which in turn make synapses onto amacrine cells and ganglion cells. (All within the eyeball) |
|
|
Term
| Lateral Geniculate Nucleus |
|
Definition
| Most ganglion cell axons go into this, which is part of the thalamus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mostly in or near the fovea, they have small cell bodies and small receptive fields. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Distributed evenly throughout the retina, they have larger cell bodies and receptive fields. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Similar to parvocellular neurons, but they occur throughout the retina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (area V1/striate cortex) Located in the occipital cortex, it is where most visual information from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus goes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responding to visual information that a person reports not seeing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (areaV2) Information is sent here from the Primary Visual Cortex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The visual paths in the temporal cortex. (The "what" pathway) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual path in the parietal cortex. Helps the motor system find and use objects. The "where" pathway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Has a receptive field with fixed excitatory and inhibitory zones. The more light the more stimulation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Responds to patterns of light in a particular orientation (ie: horizontal bar of light). |
|
|
Term
| End-Stopped/Hypercomplex Cells |
|
Definition
| Resembles a Complex Cell, however, it has a strong inhibitory area at one end of its bar-shaped receptive field. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurons whose responses indicate the presence of a particular feature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Response patterns are even more complex here. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The inability to recognize objects despite having good vision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (MT/areaV5) areas of the brain that are particularly activated by motion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulation from both eyes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when experiences have a particularly strong and enduring influence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the discrepancy between what the left and right eyes see. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction. "Lazy Eye." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A blurring of vision for lines in one direction (horizontal, diagonal, vertical) |
|
|
