Term
| Accessory structures of the Eye |
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Definition
eyebrows
eyelids (palpebrae)
conjunctive
lacrimal apparatus
extrinsic eye muscles |
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Term
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Definition
Facial Nerve (7)
parasympathetics
produces tears to moisten, lubricate, wash
lacrimal canaliculi
punctum
lacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct |
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Term
| Extrinsic Eye Muscles- Oculomotor Nerve (3) |
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Definition
Inferior Rectus
Superior Rectus
Medial Rectus
Inferior Oblique
Levator Palpebrae |
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Term
| Extrinsic Eye Muscles-Trochlear Nerve (4) |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes trochlear nerve unique |
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Definition
only cranial nerve attached to dorsal surface of brainstem
one nerve to originate entirely from contralateral nucleus
damage may cause diploplia |
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Term
| Extrinsic Eye Muscles- Abducens (6) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Fibrous- sclera/cornea
vascular- choroid, ciliary body, iris
nervous- retina |
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Term
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Definition
sclera- white outer layer maintains shape, protects strucutre, muscle attachment
cornia- avasulcar, bends and refracts light |
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Term
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Definition
Iris- controls light entering pupil, smooth mm
Ciliary muscles: control lens shape |
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Term
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Definition
Retina- neurons sensitive to light
macula lutea or fovea centralis-- visual acuity
optic disc= blind spot |
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Term
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Definition
like a camera
iris allows light in
lense, cornea, humors focus light on retina
light striking retina converted into AP relayed to brain |
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Term
Refraction
Divergence vs convergence |
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Definition
refraction= bending of light
divergence= light striking concave
convergence= light striking convex |
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Term
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Definition
| point where light rays converge and cross |
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Term
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Definition
| normal resting condition of lens |
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Term
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Definition
>20 ft from eye
ciliary body relaxed
high tension
lens flat |
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Term
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Definition
ciliary body contracted, moving towards lens
low tension
lens thickened |
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Term
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Definition
ANS
normal people become far sighted as lens ages
loses elasticity, can't assume round shape needed for seeing near |
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Term
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Definition
| region of lens gets cloudy |
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Term
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Definition
nearsightedness
correct with concave lens |
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Term
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Definition
far sighted
correct with convex lens |
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Term
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Definition
black backdrop to increase visual acuity
photoreceptors: rods (black) cones (color)
layers
photoreceptor: rods/cones
outer plexiform: horizontal cell
bipolar: bipolar cell, amacrine
inner plexiform: inner plexiform cell
ganglionic layer: ganglionic cell |
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Term
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Definition
depolarized in dark- continuously release NT
hyperpolarized by light--> decrease NT |
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Term
| Scotopic/photopic/mesopic |
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Definition
Rods- activated by starlight- Scotopic (no color)
Cones- activated by light- photopic= color
rods and cones active at moonlight- mesopic |
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Term
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Definition
loss of cone vision
cones are only receptor in fovea |
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