Term
| Acellular infectious agents |
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Definition
| viruses, viroids and prions |
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Term
| What are the infectious molecules? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the old rule determining a virus or not? |
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Definition
| Genetic element with either DNA or RNA, not both |
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Term
| What are the exceptions to the rule determining virus or not? |
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Definition
| Mimivirus and Cytomegalovirus |
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Term
| What is the obligate requirement of a virus? |
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Definition
| to replicate inside a living cell |
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Term
| What infectious agent has an extracellular state? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is a virus a living organism or life form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the worlds largest virus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mimivirus is an infectious ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the mimivirus infect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the study of viruses? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| general biological interest (so many), medical (viruses infect us), economic (animal/crop destruction), biotechnology (steal their processes) |
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Term
| What does the extracellular state of a viron include? |
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Definition
| it is metabolically intert, nucleic acid, protein capsid, it had an envelope (if required) |
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Term
| What does the intracellular state of a virus include? |
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Definition
| infection! takes over host cell's metabolism, and replicates |
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Term
| How are virus' classified? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| switches between RNA and DNA |
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Term
| What is the virus capsid? |
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Definition
| made of protein subunits, capsomere, nucleocapsid, enzymes, virus membrane (envelope) and it self-assembles |
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Term
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Definition
arrangement of protein subunits
- Rod shaped: helical
- Spherical: isosahedral |
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Term
| Structure: Enveloped viruses |
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Definition
| (herpes) membrane acquired while exiting host cells, common in animal viruses and important in host cell penetration |
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Term
| Complex viruses (bacteriophage) |
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Definition
| attacks bacteria: needs specific hosts |
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Term
| What type of symmetry can the bacteria take on? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of virus is herpes symplex 1? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is initiated in the early events of infectious processes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do you prepare a cell culture? 4 things |
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Definition
1) obtain a tissue sample
2) Mince, treat with enzyme in growth medium
3) Place cell suspension in flask or plate
4) Wait for monolayer to form |
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Term
| How do you do a viral culture? 3 things |
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Definition
1) Add sample containing virus
2) Incubate
3) Observe for cytopathogenic effect |
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Term
| What does CPE tell you? (cytopathogenic effect) |
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Definition
| it gives you a good idea of what they're made of |
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Term
| What does the viral infectious unit use to give information? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five stages of viral replication? |
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Definition
1) Attachment
2) Penetration
3) Synthesis of nucleic acids and protein
4) Assembly and Packaging
5) Release |
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Term
| Viral Replication: Attachment |
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Definition
| -via receptors & has cell or tissue specificity |
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Term
| Viral Replication: Penetration |
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Definition
-permissive cells
-envelope
-injection |
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Term
| Viral Replication: Virus restriction |
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Definition
-restriction endonucleases (bacteria)
-Viral defenses (glycosylation, methylation) |
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Term
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Definition
| attacks and kills right away |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA gets into cell and kinds sits and kills it later |
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Term
| TF most viral genomes are expressed |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the viral genome integrated? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the condition of a host bacterium that has incorporated a phage into its own genetic materia |
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Term
| Look at animal viruses: consequences of infection slide |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of genome does a retrovirus have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do retroviruses replicate? |
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Definition
| through DNA intermediate (provirus) need reverse transcription |
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Term
| What was the first carcinogenic group? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| small circular, naked RNA |
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Term
| What is the smallest known pathogen |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| infectious extracellular protein |
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Term
| What is the most annoying prion (that he talked about in class a lot) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| goes against normal mindset; but the host gene is subverted to produce copies of the prion |
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Term
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Definition
| misfolding of normal protein is caused by an abnormal protein and a molecular chaparone |
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