Shared Flashcard Set

Details

virology L9
lecture 9 : virology
12
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
01/10/2019

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Viruses
Definition
basic
self replicating
can infect any type of organism
classified by nucleic content and how they replicate their genomes
DNA <-> RNA -> Protein
Term
RNA virus life cycle
Definition
RNA replication in cytoplasm
host cell coopted to prioritise virus production
host cell frozen so it can't apoptose
Term
DNA virus life cycle
Definition
genome transcribed in nucleus
Term
viral detection in clinical setting
Definition
ELISA/EIA
usually combined tests
many tests are indirect - look for antibodies against the virus
means you have to question whether positive results are from virus or natural/acquired immunity
IgM,IgG,tests
positive results confirmed by PCR
Term
measuring viruses
Definition
immunological
-antigen, antibody, secondary antibody, florophore
ELISA
Directly via visualisation
- electron microscopy
-plaque assay
-DNA sequencing
- mass spec of nucleic acids and proteins
Term
Virus-host interactions
Definition
take over of proteins/metabolites
- change cell shape, organelle arrangment
induce pro inflammatory state
transcriptomics - map host RNA levels in cells and individual
Proteomics - map host proteins in cell and individual
some proteins are found to be essential to virus, these can be targeted
Term
virus prevention
Definition
vaccination
anti-viral drugs
Term
vaccines
Definition
prime adaptive immune system
use antigenic properties of one or more viral proteins
can be either whole inactivated, weak or chimera
Term
attenuated vaccines
Definition
genetically altered
Term
inactivated vaccines
Definition
whole viruses that can't replicate anymore - chemical or radiation inactivation
Term
antiviral drugs
Definition
usually designed to bind or block activity
use knowledge of structure and function of virus
inevitable virus mutation is major disadvantage
Term
viruses outside disease
Definition
can be genetically and mechanically altered for multiple purposes
control of pest insects
bacteriophage therapy of antibiotic resistant infections
oncolytic viruses - target and destroy cancer cells
gene therapy - induce corrective or silencing genes
Supporting users have an ad free experience!