Term
| Toxoplasmosis Protozoa Toxoplasma gondii |
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Definition
Serologic evidence of asymptomaticc in about 20% in US
Serious disease in fetus, AIDS, transplants, cancer pts
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Term
| Clinical features of toxoplasmosis protozoa toxoplasma gondii |
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Definition
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Low grade fever
Encephalitis
Pneumonia
Myositis
Myocarditis |
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Term
| Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis |
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Definition
Rising antibody titers 10-14 days after infection
Biopsy of lymph node
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Term
| For what viral infection should pregnant women avoid cat litter, raw meat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment for toxoplasmosis |
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Definition
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Term
| Herpes virus strands we have to worry about |
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Definition
HSV type 1
Varicella-zoster virus
Epstein Barr Virus |
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Term
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Definition
| HSV1&2, Varicella zoster, EBV, cytomegalovirus, Roseola, Roseola,pityriasis rosea, Kaposi-assoc |
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Term
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Definition
Primary - gingivostomatitis
Recurrent-herpes labialis, cold sore, fever blister
HSV type 1 or 2
Transmission: direct contact or contaminated objects
once infected, latent for life |
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Term
| Clinical features of primary HSV |
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Definition
Fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, anorexia, irritability, sore mouth, multiple oral ulcerations and vesicles, gingivostomatitis
"Primary herptic gingivostomatitis" |
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Term
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Definition
| During latent period is stored in trigeminal nerve, recurrence the virus travels out of the trigeminal nerve |
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Term
| Clinical features of recurrent HSV |
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Definition
Prodrome of pain, tingling, burning or paresthesia small blisters precede ulcers
Clusters of small round superficial ulcerations
Most recurrences are on vermillion border or perioral skin
If intraoral, usually on oral mucosa bound to bone, gingiva or hard palate
Recurrences may trigger erythema multiforms |
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Term
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Definition
| Stress/depression, Fever, URTI, physical trauma, sunlight, menstruation, immunosuppression |
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Term
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Definition
First 8 hrs are critical
Begin antiviral treatment w/ prodromal symptoms
Vesicle formation accompanies viral replication
Vescile formation usually continues up to 4 days
Ok to start antiviral med as long as vesicles are present |
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Term
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Definition
Clinical
Cytology
Histology
Culture
Rapid diagnosis kits |
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Term
| HVZV is commonly misdiagnosed as.. |
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Definition
HSV - 12%
Usually in trigeminal nerve distribution
Small lesions initially, enlarge in next 2 days |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral treatment
Reduces viral shedding
Reduces healing time
Used for suppressive therapy, reduce freq of reccurence |
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Term
| 2 diff MOAs of antiviral medication |
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Definition
1. termination of viral DNA replication
2. Competitive inhibitor of one of 4 nucleotides necessary for DNA synthesis |
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Term
| Termination of viral DNA replications |
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Definition
| Acyclovir, Valacyclovir (better availability) |
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Term
| Competitive inhibitor of one of 4 nucleotides necessary for DNA synthesis |
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Definition
| Penciclovir, Fanciclovir (better availability) |
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Term
| RHSV Labialis prevention or suppression |
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Definition
Sunscreen
Lysine 500 mg daily
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir |
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Term
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Definition
Reduce pain & discomfort, tingling, stinging, burning
Reduce viral shedding
Promote healing
Typically reduces duration by one day |
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Term
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Definition
Commonly mistaken for recurrent aphthous ulcers
1/3 single ulcers, 2/3 clusters of ulcers
Maxilla 80% > mandibular 20%
61% palate |
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Term
| Pain associated with intraoral HSV infection |
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Definition
73% usually mild on keratinized surfaces
27% moderate to severe, esp if affecting mucosa |
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Term
| Treatment for intraoral HSV infection |
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Definition
| Acyclovir or topical viscous lidocaine or dyclonine |
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Term
| Herpetic Geometric Glossitis |
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Definition
Atypical presentation of HSV1
Immunocomp hosts
Linear fissures, cross hatched, or branched on dorsal tongue
Usually no other assoc. HSV lesions
responds to acyclovir
Heals w/out scarring |
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Term
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Definition
Life-long
30-40% recurrence |
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Term
| Complications associated with HSV |
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Definition
Scarring/hyperpigmentation - uncommon
Erythema multiforme - rare
HSV encephalitis - rare |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristics of shingles |
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Definition
Affects 20% of people; usually greater than 50 y/o but can be at any age
10% in H&N, unilateral, very painful
Odontogenic pain may precede development of vesicles by several days
Pulpal necrosis may result, alveolar bone necrosis with loss of associated teeth - rare |
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Term
| HVZV after primary infection |
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Definition
| Virus is stored in dorsal root ganglion |
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Term
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Definition
| Ramsey Hunt Syndrome: facial, external auditory canal, facial paralysis, hearing deficits, vertigo, refer to ophthalmologist |
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Term
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Definition
Treat w/ specific antiviral therapy & analgesics: reduce severity, duration, scarring and PHN
Post herpetic neuralgia: specific antiviral treatment may decrease incidence and severity |
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Term
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Definition
May precede development of vesicles by several days
May result in pulpal necrosis
Rarely causes alveolar bone loss w/ loss of assoc teeth
Treat w/ specific antiviral medication & analgesics |
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Term
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Definition
Three types of pain: continues (burning or aching), intermittent (sharp, stabbing or shooting pain), Allodyndia (skin so sensitive movement of clothing or a breeze may trigger pain)
Some pts have all three
Pain usually diminishes over time, but some never become pain free |
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