Term
| A male who has recovered from ebola virus disease (evd) should wear condoms until? |
|
Definition
| semen test -ve for the virus 2x OR if testing not possible for 6m |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of evd can appear when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examples of viral haemorrhagic fevers |
|
Definition
dengue
lassa
rift valley
crimean-congo
EVD
Yellow fever |
|
|
Term
| crimean congo fever is transmitted by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dengue fever transmitted by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many strains of EVD known? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fruit bats of Pteropodidae family |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oral/IV rehydration and symptom mx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does Arbovirus mean? |
|
Definition
Arthropod borne virsus
EVD is not arbovirus |
|
|
Term
| Ribavarin indicated in viral haemorrhagic fevers except? |
|
Definition
Dengue, Ebola and Yellow fever
also cover for malaria until that has been excluded |
|
|
Term
| Lassa fever found in W Africa is spread via? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Late complication of lassa fever? |
|
Definition
| Sensorneural deafness in 30% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Blood/fluid contact with infected persons.
If there is no fever or no symptoms there is no infection risk |
|
|
Term
| why are nets less useful against aedes mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many serotypes of dengue are there? |
|
Definition
4.
infection gives lifetime immunity against that serotype |
|
|
Term
| fever > 2/52 in a traveller is unlikely to be? |
|
Definition
Dengue
incubation 4-10 days
Symptoms last 2-7 days |
|
|
Term
| severe dengue characterised by? |
|
Definition
plasma leakage (pleural effusion, increase hct, ascites, shocks
severe haemorrhage
severe organ impairment |
|
|
Term
| what does chikungunya mean? |
|
Definition
Bent over
from patient due to arthralgia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aedes aegypti mosquito
2-12 days incubation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which triad of chikungunya can become chronic? |
|
Definition
| the arthralgia. In 10% this can become chronic and last months to years |
|
|
Term
| dx and rx of chikungunya? |
|
Definition
Culture
PCR
Serology
Rx: Supportive, non fatal and self limiting |
|
|
Term
yellow fever spread by?
resevoir?
Found where? |
|
Definition
Aedes mosquito
Resevoir is primates
Found in central america and africa |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of yellow fever? |
|
Definition
PCR or IgM
Liver histology: councilman bodies. |
|
|
Term
| Councilman bodies found in yellow fever liver histology. What else are they found in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
japanese encephalitis spread by?
Rx
Dx |
|
Definition
Culex mosquito
Rx: supportive ITU
Dx: CSF, Serology, PCR |
|
|
Term
| what is ebola destroyed by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crimean Congo Haemoorhagic Fever spread by which ticks of which genus? |
|
Definition
| Ixodid ticks of Hyalomma genus |
|
|
Term
| what animals bite causes the largest number of human rabies death? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can rabies be spread? |
|
Definition
Bite from infected dog or person
Bats
scratches |
|
|
Term
| what should be done after bite from a rabid animal? |
|
Definition
wash wound with soap and water
post exposure vaccination and immunoglobulin may also be given |
|
|
Term
| which continent is rabies not present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| class of virus is rabies? |
|
Definition
Lassavirus
bullet shaped with spiky envelope containing a single strand of RNA and viral proteins |
|
|
Term
| how many forms of rabies are there? |
|
Definition
2
furious rabies and
paralytic rabies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
affects 70-80% those infected
hyperactivity, hydrophobia, death due to cardiorespiratory arrest |
|
|
Term
| describe paralytic rabies |
|
Definition
affects 20-30%
gradual muscle paralysis and slow coma development |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take for rabies symptoms to develop after a bite? |
|
Definition
1-3months
incubation ranges from <1/52 to >1 year
depends on distance from bite to cns |
|
|
Term
| only people that have recovered from rabies received which protocol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clinical symptoms
skin biopsy from nape of neck
PCR
CSF
tests on Ab exist but rarely done in the field due to pressing need to start rx
Post mortem diagnosis using fluorescent ab is more routine |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take a dog to die that is infected with rabies? |
|
Definition
2/52
dogs can be impounded to see if they die in 2/52 |
|
|
Term
| if bitten by a rabid animal the chance of contracting rabies is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
must be given within 24 hours
woundcare wiht soap water and iodine for 15 mins
post ex vaccination 4 dose regimen
Give rabies IgG unless pt fully immunised
tetanus shot
abx
Palliative care |
|
|
Term
| what is the Milwakee protocol? |
|
Definition
7 days ketamine induced coma
ventilator support
IV ribavarin |
|
|
Term
| Gold stand dx for rabies post mortem? |
|
Definition
| FAT (Flouroscent Ab Test) |
|
|
Term
| global coverage of measles vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of virus is measles? |
|
Definition
Paramyxovirus
SS - sensed enveloped rna virus of genus Morbillivirus within family Paramyxoviridiae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Air and direct contact
It infects the mucous membranes before spreading throughout the body |
|
|
Term
| severe measles likely in what type of children? |
|
Definition
Malnourished and those with Vit A deficiency
immunosupressed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| risk of severe complications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vit a supplement in children
supportive
rehydration
rx of secondary infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| koplicks spots in which disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
feeding habits of aedes mosquito?
transmit dengue and chikungunya |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rx for dengue and chikungunya? |
|
Definition
| Symptom relief and supportive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mac/pap with island sparing |
|
|
Term
| dengue haemorrhagic fever |
|
Definition
fever 2-7days
haemorrhage
plt <100
plasma leakage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all 4 criteria for dengue haemorrhagic fever plus evidence of circulatory failure |
|
|
Term
| 3 clinical phases of dengue |
|
Definition
febrile phase
plasma leakage
concalescence recovery phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wolbachia in mosquitoes
DEET
insecticide
avoid still water |
|
|
