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VET216-Pharm-Chap3
Chapter 3 study questions
40
Pharmacology
Not Applicable
01/14/2013

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Cards

Term
What does "Pharm" mean?
Definition
Drugs
Term
Define: Kinetics
Definition
Study of movement
Term
Define: Pharmacodynamics
Definition
The effects drugs have while they are in the body
Term
Define: Pharmacokinetics
Definition
The study of drug movement within the body
Term
Examples of drug movements within the body?
Definition
-Absorption
-Distribution
-Metabolism
-Elimination
Term
Therapeutic Range is...?
Definition
The ideal range of drug concentrations within the body
Term
Too much drug concentration within the body can cause what?
Definition
Toxicity
Term
Not enough drug concentration within the body can cause what?
Definition
Ineffectiveness
Term
How do we keep a drug within therapeutic range?
Definition
"What goes in must come out, hopefully in balance"

The rate of drug delivery and absorption must *equal* rate at which the body is getting rid of it, in order for a steady-state to be produce
Term
Thinking of a leaky bucket, the amount added to the bucket represents what?
Definition
Drug dose
Term
Thinking of a leaky bucket, the amount leaking out represents what?
Definition
Elimination
Term
Thinking of a leaky bucket, the desired level represents what?
Definition
The therapeutic range
Term
*What are factors involved in keeping the bucket full?
Definition
Dosage regimen
Term
What makes up dosage regimen?
Definition
Drug dose, Dosage interval, and route of administration
Term
What's the difference between loading dose, and maintenance dose?
Definition
Loading dose is "filling up the bucket for the first time". Or, giving higher than normal drug dose first.
Maintenance is "filling it to make up for what's being lost via elimination". Or, giving the normal drug dose for the duration of the treatment.
Term
What is drug dosing?
Definition
Altering either the drug dose or the dosage interval (time between doses) will change the amount of drug within the body (or bucket).
Term
What can we sometimes do in order to increase client compliance? (etc)
Definition
Change drug regimen
Term
How many ways can drug molecules move in the body?
Definition
Four...
passive diffusion, facilitated transport, active transport, physical transport
Term
What is simple "passive" diffusion?
Definition
The random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

(tangerine example...smell of citrus - the front row smells it now, back row will not smell the citrus until later)
Term
Does simple diffusion require energy?
Definition
No, I mean COOOMEEON! It's simple, and passive-ain't nobody got time fo energy!
Term
Diffusion continues until (AND even after) the what is established?
Definition
Equilibrium
Term
What do cell membranes contain?
Definition
Phospholipids
Term
What makes the cell membranes non-polar?
Definition
Phospholipids
Term
What does lipophilic mean?
Definition
Fat LOVIN' ;)
Term
So, lipophilic drugs can or cannot easily pass directly through the cell membranes?
Definition
Can

Drugs MUST be lipophilic to be able to pass through the cell membranes.
Term
If electrons are not shared evenly, positive and negative ends of molecule is known as what?
Definition
Polar molecule (mollycule heehe)
Term
What's an example of a polar molecule?
Definition
Water
Term
If electrons are shared evenly, what is this known as?
Definition
A non-polar molecule
Term
What's an example of a non-polar molecule?
Definition
FATS
Term
What is another way that molecules can pass through the cell membrane?
Definition
They cross through selective channel proteins in cell membrane
Term
What kind of molecules can diffuse through channel proteins?
Definition
Small, and dissolved proteins OR ones that are the right size and shape to fit through a channel protein.
Term
INFO CARD...to sum it up...
Definition
For a drug to passively diffuse through cell membranes, it must be lipophilic and able to dissolve in the membrane or be the rights size and shape to fit through a channel protein.
Term
What is facilitated transport?
Definition
Passive transport across cell membranes that involves a "carrier molecule" within the membrane
Term
What is name for facilitated transport?
Definition
Facilitated diffusion!!!!!!!!!!!!
Term
What does a carrier molecule do?
Definition
It allows the drug to pass through the membrane.
Example: Revolving door
Term
Direction of movement depends on what on each side of the membrane?
Definition
Concentration
Term
It moves up or down the concentration gradient?
Definition
Down, but it can still move in both directions
Term
Movement will continue even after the what is established?
Definition
Equilibrium
Term
The rate of transport via both diffusion mechanisms also depends on what?
Definition
Drug molecule size, temperature, membrane thickness, and chemical nature of the drug
Term
Lammies
Definition
Lammies
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