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Definition
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Definition
| The effects drugs have while they are in the body |
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Definition
| The study of drug movement within the body |
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| Examples of drug movements within the body? |
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Definition
-Absorption
-Distribution
-Metabolism
-Elimination |
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Definition
| The ideal range of drug concentrations within the body |
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| Too much drug concentration within the body can cause what? |
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Definition
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| Not enough drug concentration within the body can cause what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we keep a drug within therapeutic range? |
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Definition
"What goes in must come out, hopefully in balance"
The rate of drug delivery and absorption must *equal* rate at which the body is getting rid of it, in order for a steady-state to be produce |
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Term
| Thinking of a leaky bucket, the amount added to the bucket represents what? |
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Definition
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| Thinking of a leaky bucket, the amount leaking out represents what? |
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Definition
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| Thinking of a leaky bucket, the desired level represents what? |
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Definition
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| *What are factors involved in keeping the bucket full? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up dosage regimen? |
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Definition
| Drug dose, Dosage interval, and route of administration |
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Term
| What's the difference between loading dose, and maintenance dose? |
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Definition
Loading dose is "filling up the bucket for the first time". Or, giving higher than normal drug dose first.
Maintenance is "filling it to make up for what's being lost via elimination". Or, giving the normal drug dose for the duration of the treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Altering either the drug dose or the dosage interval (time between doses) will change the amount of drug within the body (or bucket). |
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| What can we sometimes do in order to increase client compliance? (etc) |
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Definition
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| How many ways can drug molecules move in the body? |
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Definition
Four...
passive diffusion, facilitated transport, active transport, physical transport |
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Term
| What is simple "passive" diffusion? |
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Definition
The random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
(tangerine example...smell of citrus - the front row smells it now, back row will not smell the citrus until later) |
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| Does simple diffusion require energy? |
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Definition
| No, I mean COOOMEEON! It's simple, and passive-ain't nobody got time fo energy! |
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Term
| Diffusion continues until (AND even after) the what is established? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do cell membranes contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes the cell membranes non-polar? |
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Definition
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| What does lipophilic mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| So, lipophilic drugs can or cannot easily pass directly through the cell membranes? |
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Definition
Can
Drugs MUST be lipophilic to be able to pass through the cell membranes. |
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Term
| If electrons are not shared evenly, positive and negative ends of molecule is known as what? |
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Definition
| Polar molecule (mollycule heehe) |
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Term
| What's an example of a polar molecule? |
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Definition
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| If electrons are shared evenly, what is this known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's an example of a non-polar molecule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another way that molecules can pass through the cell membrane? |
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Definition
| They cross through selective channel proteins in cell membrane |
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Term
| What kind of molecules can diffuse through channel proteins? |
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Definition
| Small, and dissolved proteins OR ones that are the right size and shape to fit through a channel protein. |
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Term
| INFO CARD...to sum it up... |
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Definition
| For a drug to passively diffuse through cell membranes, it must be lipophilic and able to dissolve in the membrane or be the rights size and shape to fit through a channel protein. |
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Term
| What is facilitated transport? |
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Definition
| Passive transport across cell membranes that involves a "carrier molecule" within the membrane |
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Term
| What is name for facilitated transport? |
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Definition
| Facilitated diffusion!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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| What does a carrier molecule do? |
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Definition
It allows the drug to pass through the membrane.
Example: Revolving door |
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| Direction of movement depends on what on each side of the membrane? |
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Definition
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| It moves up or down the concentration gradient? |
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Definition
| Down, but it can still move in both directions |
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| Movement will continue even after the what is established? |
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Definition
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Term
| The rate of transport via both diffusion mechanisms also depends on what? |
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Definition
| Drug molecule size, temperature, membrane thickness, and chemical nature of the drug |
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