Term
| What is the most sucessful group of Amphibians? |
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Definition
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Term
| The group Anura include what amphibians? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The group Anura has only 160 species. |
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Definition
| False. Anura has 3500-4000 species |
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Term
| T/F Anura are widely distributed throughout the world (both northern and southern hemispheres). |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Anura have long slender bodies with tails. |
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Definition
| False. Anura have short bodies and lack tails. |
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Term
| T/F Anura can range from 1cm to over 2 ft in length. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ and ___________ are specialized for jumping. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The lack of a tail reduces the ability to jump. |
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Definition
| False. it enhances the ability to jump |
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Term
| Name another reason for lack of tail. |
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Definition
| Lack of tail decreases weight |
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Term
| Name three advantages for jumping |
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Definition
escaping predators
jumping towards prey
general movements |
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Term
| Frogs are what kind of feeders? |
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Definition
| sight feeders and eat moving prey |
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Term
| T/F The frogs tongue is attached to the back of the mouth |
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Definition
| False the tongue is attached to the front |
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Term
| How does tongue help catch prey? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F During Winter months (cold climates) frogs are very active |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do frogs hibernate during the winter? |
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Definition
| The bottom of ponds and streams or in burrows in moist soil near ponds |
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Term
| T/F Females return to breeding pond before males. |
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Definition
| False. the males return first |
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Term
| T/F Male vocal calls identify territory and attracts females |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F All species of frogs have the same vocal calls |
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Definition
| False vocals are species specific and each has a unique sound |
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Term
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Definition
| When male frogs grasp female in or near water |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates females to release eggs (200-5000 eggs in about 10 mins) |
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Term
| Males release sperm before, simultaneously, or after amplexus? |
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Definition
| release sperm simultaneously |
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Term
| T/F Frogs use external fertilization |
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Definition
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Term
| How are frog eggs deposited? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2 to 30 days after fertilization |
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Term
| T/F Tadpoles lack external gills |
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Definition
| False they initially have external gills that are later internalized |
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Term
| T/F Tadpoles are omnivores |
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Definition
| False tadpoles are herbivores |
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Term
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Definition
| Graze on plants or filter feed on algae |
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Term
| T/F Tadpoles take approxiametly 1-12 months before undergoing metamorphosis |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Metamorphosis process 1 to 5 weeks to go to completion |
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Definition
| False this occurs over 2-8 weeks |
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Term
| T/F Metamorphosis is a distinct change in body form associated with shift from aquatic existence to more of a terrestrial existence. |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone stimulates metamorphosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| German scientist Gudernatsch in 1912 |
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Term
| How did he discover thryoxine? |
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Definition
| He fed thyroid tissue to his tadpoles and all underwent metamorphosis |
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Term
| During metamorphosis what disappears and what appears |
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Definition
tail and gills are absorbed
legs and lungs develop |
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Term
| How long does it take to reach sexual maturity? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Frogs can live up to 12 yrs in captivity |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Frogs have indirect development
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Surinam toad eggs undergo direct development then climb onto females back to be carried to the water |
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Definition
| False Surinam frogs develop in "brood pouches" on mothers back |
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Term
| T/F Poison dart frogs eggs are laid on land |
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Definition
| true after hatching tadpoles crawl on females back to be carried to water |
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Term
| What type of frog involves development in males vocal sac? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Some frog eggs undergo direct development in stomach and emerge as small frogs from the mouth |
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Definition
| true gastric breeding frogs |
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Term
| Gastric breeding frogs can be found in Alabama and southeastern US |
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Definition
| False they appear to be extinct |
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Term
| T/F Psyllophryne didactyla is one of the smallest adult frogs |
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Definition
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Term
| The Brazilian Gold Frog and the Rana goliath grow to be about 1cm in length and are smalled tetrapods |
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Definition
False
Brazilian Gold Frog (Psyllophryne didactyla)
Cuban Frog (Eleutherodactylus iberia) |
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Term
| T/F The Rana goliath belongs to Family Dendrobatidae |
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Definition
| False Poison arrow frogs belong to family Dendrobatidae |
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Term
Where is the Goliath frog from?
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Definition
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Term
| What is the species name for the Brazilian Gold frog? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the scientific name for the Cuban frog? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest frog in the world? |
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Definition
| the Rana goliath or goliath frog from west africa |
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Term
| T/F The Goliath frog can be several feet and up to 7 lbs |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the goliath frog eat? |
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Definition
| small mammals birds such as rats and ducklings |
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Term
| T/F The Cuban frog is on the endangered species list |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The Dendrobatidae family contains over 160 species of frogs |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Poison glands of frogs are located in the tongue |
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Definition
| False secreted through the skin |
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Term
| T/F Batrachotoxin is a toxin that closes Na+ channels |
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Definition
| False it opens Na+ channels |
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Term
| T/f Bufotoxin is the toxin found in poison dart frogs |
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Definition
False Batrachotoxin in dart frogs
Bufotoxin in Cane toad
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Term
| Where are poison dart frogs found? |
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Definition
| Native to tropical forests of Central and South America |
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Term
| T/F The Leopard frog, Bullfrog, and Cane toad can all be found in Alabama. |
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Definition
False the leopard frog bullfrog and tree frogs can be found in alabama
the cane toad can be found in central and south america as well as south florida and texas |
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Term
| T/F Becaue of its large size the Bullfrog is commonly used in research and teaching |
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Definition
| False the leopard frog is used in research and teaching |
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Term
| What are the scientific names of two species of leopard frogs? |
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Definition
Rana pipiens
Rana utricularia |
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Term
| What is the common name for species Rana catesbiana? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The genus name Hyla refers to tree frogs |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Tree frogs have green color to match leaves
broad sticky toe pads
can be found only in south florida and texas |
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Definition
| False first two are true but are found in US including Alabama |
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Term
T/F The skin of Toads contain warts
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Definition
| False the plump anurans with rough "warty-like" skin but they are not actually warts |
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Term
| The genus name for Toads is what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bulging glands on back behind eyes that secrete toxins which decrease predation |
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Term
| T/F The marine toad does not occur in salt water environments |
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Definition
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Term
| The scientific name for the cane toad is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are cane toads pests? |
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Definition
| Introduced into Australia in 1935 to eat two species of beetles detrimental to sugar cane industry |
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Term
| Why didnt cane toads work in erradicating the sugar cane beetle? |
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Definition
Beetle was diurnal
cane toad was nocturnal |
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Term
| T/F More than 1000 cane toads were introduced into Australia to rid industry of beetle |
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Definition
| False 100 cane toads introduced |
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Term
| T/F Toads did not like sugar fields as habitats and moved out of fields and into other habitats |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The toads in australia were kept under control and therefore never became a problem |
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Definition
| False their population grew out of control |
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Term
| T/F The Bufo marinus is indigenous to south Florida and Texas |
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Definition
| False indigenous to Central and South America but can be found in south florida and texas |
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Term
| What is the name for the African clawed frog? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Xenopus used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F In the African clawed frog urine from males would stimulate ovulation and spawning in the frog |
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Definition
| false urine from preg female would stimulate ovulation |
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Term
| T/F Xenopus were accidentally released in California lakes but didnt displace other naturally occurring frogs |
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Definition
| false the DID displace other frogs |
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Term
| Name an economic importance for amphibians |
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Definition
| frog legs sales and consumption |
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Term
| Where are frog legs popular? |
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Definition
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Term
| What impact did frog leg sales have in india? |
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Definition
| great increase in insect populations. india had to spend more on insect control than they earned from frog leg sales (which are exported as many as 5 million pairs of frog legs per yr) |
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Term
| T/F Amphibian numbers are on the decline |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F it is reported that 40% were "threatened" and over 30% of species are declining |
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Definition
| False 30% are threatened and 40% of species are declining |
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Term
| T/F the reasons for the declines are variable and sometimes species specific |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some factors for declining rates? |
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Definition
loss of habitat
pathogenic fungus
pollution
insecticides
increase UV light
disease |
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Term
| What is the name of the fungus responsible for declining amphibian populations? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F A few declines and/or extinctions have occured in areas that have not been developed and do not appear to be polluted |
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Definition
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