Shared Flashcard Set

Details

VAscular Dz affecting venous circulation
PA CLin Med
39
Health Care
Graduate
10/17/2009

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
elongated, dilated, tortuous, superficial veins with congenitally absent valves, or valves that have become incompetent:
Definition
Vericose Veins
Term
What are the genetics behind vericose veins?
Definition
has to do with the # and quality of valves persent: X-linked, dominant
Term
5 risk factors for vericose veins:
Definition
1. pregnancy
2. prolonged standing
3. restrictive clothing
4. obesity
5. liver Dz
Term
in females symptoms of vericose veins are worse during:
Definition
menses
Term
5 S/S of vericose veins:
Definition
1. aching
2. cramps
3. edema
4. brown pigmentation
5. fatigue with standing
Term
5 Tx for vericose veins:
Definition
1. elevate legs
2. compression stockings
3. surgery
4. avoid girdles or restrictive clothing
5. if stasis ulcers present use warm wet dressings
Term
why would you not want to take a decent vein from a patients leg?
Definition
it could be used later in life for a CABG
Term
recomended activity for vericose veins:
Definition
avoid long periods of standing
walking regimen
weight loss
Term
advanced stage of peripheral vascular dz resulting in swelling and ulceration of the lower legs:
Definition
chronic venous insufficiency
Term
2 major risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency:
Definition
1. vericose veins
2. obesity
Term
3 etiologies for chronic venous insuf:
Definition
1. changes secondary to DVT
2. Hx of leg trauma
3. secondary to superficial venous insuf.
Term
7 S/S of chronic venous insuf:
Definition
1. swelling just above ankle
2. dull discomfort
3. itching
4. pain w ulceration
5. skin thin/shiny
6. brownish pigmentation
7. eczema w superficial weeping dermatitis
Term
3 measures to control edema with chronic venous insuf:
Definition
1. intermittent elevation of legs during day and all night
2. avoid long periods of sitting or standing
3. compression stockings
Term
3 Tx for the acute weeping dermatitis:
Definition
1. wet compresses 1hr QID containing boric acid, aluminum acetate, or isotonic saline
2. compresses with corticosteroid cream
3. systemic antibiotics if infection present
Term
2 types of stasis dermatitis:
Definition
1. acute weeping dermatitis
2. subsiding or chronic dermatitis
Term
Tx for ulceration:
Definition
compress of isotonic saline
Term
inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs:
Definition
phlebitis
Term
inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs assoc w blood clot:
Definition
thrombophlebitis
Term
4 etiologies for phlebitis/thrombophlebitis:
Definition
1. bacterial, chemical, mechanical
2. medications
3. lupus
4. genetic
Term
5 risk factors for phlebitis/thrombophlebitis:
Definition
1. sedentary lifestyle
2. obesity
3. smoking
4. injury
5. pregnancy
Term
4 S/S of phlebitis/thrombophlebitis:
Definition
erythema
pain/burning
edema
hard vein/chord-like
Term
5 Tx for phlebitis/thrombophlebitis:
Definition
1. compression stockings
2. anti-inflammatory
3. elevation of affected limb
4. anticoagulants
5. warm compresses
Term
single or multiple clots within the deep veins of the extremities or pelvis:
Definition
DVT
Term
4 common S/S of DVT:
Definition
1. limb pain/ache/tightness
2. swelling
3. homan's sign (pain on dorsiflex)
4. palpable tender chord in affected limb
Term
5 UNcommon SS of DVT:
Definition
1. warmth
2. redness
3. fever (septic thrombophlebitis)
4. nontender swelling of superficial v
5. massive edema w cyanosis and ischemia (rare)
Term
3 causes of DVT:
Definition
Virchow's Triad:
1. stasis
2. injury to vessel wall
3. hypercoagulability
Term
5 diff Dx for DVT:
Definition
1. cellulitis
2. ruptured synovial cyst
3. lymphedema
4. compression of vein by tumor or lymph node
5. pulled/strained/torn muscle
Term
what is the gold standard test for Dx of DVT?
Definition
Contrast venography
Term
what other imaging is used in detection of DVT?
Definition
B-mode US combo w Doppler flow detection & impedence plethysmography (IPG)
Term
which imaging studies are poor at detecting calf thrombi?
Definition
IPG & Duplex US
Term
what is complicated DVT?
Definition
evidence of PE, recent Surgery, peptic ulcer Dz, HTN, pregnancy protein C or S deficiency
Term
which DVT patients should be admitted?
Definition
complicated DVT, noncompliant, no home support
Term
DVT Tx 4:
Definition
1. anticoagulants
2. brief period (1-2d) bed rest
3. elevate legs w edema
4. gradual resumption of normal activity
Term
drug therapy for uncomplicated DVT:
Definition
lovenox
Term
drug therapy for complicated DVT:
Definition
1. heparin IV, dosage per aPTT
2. warfarin 1-3d after heparin
Term
if platelets fall below ___ discontinue heparin.
Definition
75K
Term
which anticoag is contraindicated in pregnancy?
Definition
warfarin
Term
how long do you treat first episode of DVT? subsequent episodes should be treated for:
Definition
3-6months. subsequent episodes Tx for at least a yr
Term
4 contraindications for anticoagulants:
Definition
1. severe active bleeding
2. neurosurgical procedure wn 30d
3. previous adverse rxn
4. pregnancy for warfarin
Supporting users have an ad free experience!