Term
| all peripheral vascular diseases are characterized by? |
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Definition
| disturbances of blood flow through the peripheral vessels |
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Term
| what causes the damage to tissues of extemities with PVD? |
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Definition
| lack of O2 and excessive accumulation of waste |
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Term
| What causes tissue death in PVD |
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Definition
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Term
| Adequate blood flow is dependent upon 4 factors |
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Definition
| condition of the blood vessels, rate of the blood flow, metabolic needs of the tissues, nervous system activity |
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Term
| Sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| directs hypothalmus regulates and causes vasoconstruction |
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Term
|
Definition
| main neurotransmitter for sympathetic vasconstriction |
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Term
|
Definition
| released from adrenal medulla to cause vasoconstriction and is released in high doses |
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Term
|
Definition
| formed by interation of renin and circulating hormone to potent substance that changes to cause vasoconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| heart contractions weakens |
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Term
| what are alterations in Blood and Lymph Vessels? |
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Definition
| Plaque narrows blood vessels passage and causes peripheral resistance, less blood gets to extermities, slowed rate causes turbulences and increases viscosity thickens blood and causes clots |
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Term
| Circulatory insufficency of the extremities: Hydrostatic |
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Definition
| pushing pressure decreased due to peripheral resistance (vessel/valve problems) |
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Term
| circulatory insuffciency of the extermities: Osmotic |
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Definition
| pulling pressure decreased less able to pull fluid from the intersitital space back into the capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| most common of disease of the arteries,means hardining of the arteries |
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Term
| Etiology of reduced blood flow |
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Definition
| a process where the nuscle fibers of the endothelial lining of the walls of the smaller arteries become thickened |
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Term
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Definition
| involves a different process affecting the intima layer of the larger arteries |
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Term
| ATHEROsclerosis causes what? |
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Definition
| narrowing of the lumen stenosis and possible obstruction by thrombus |
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Term
| ATHEROsclerosis process is what? |
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Definition
| changes consist of the accumulation in lumen of atheromas or plaques make up of, lipids,calcium,blood components,carbs,fibrous tissues, although the pathological process of arter/athero differ rarely one dose not occur with out the other |
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Term
| recommended levels of lipid profile? |
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Definition
| low density (bad) want under 100mg/dl diabetics HTN Atherosclerosis or smoker under 70: high density(good)more than 60 diabetics same:cholesterol under 200 diabetics same; triglycerides under 150 and diabetics same |
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Term
| What is Buergers Disease? |
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Definition
| it is characterized by recurring inflammation of the small arteries and veins of the lower/upper extremities |
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Term
| Buergers disease results form what |
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Definition
| thrombus formation and occulusion of the vessels, very painful,relieved by rest |
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Term
| who dose Buergers disease effect the most? |
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Definition
| men between 20-35 it is an autoimmiune diseases,and tobacco is main cause/aggravating factor because it vaso constricts the arteries |
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Term
| buergers disease can progress to what? |
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Definition
| ulcers,gangreen and amputation |
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Term
| What kind of disease is Raynaud's Disease |
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Definition
| it is a ARTERIOSPASTIC disease |
|
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Term
| what is raynaud's disease |
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Definition
| localized intermittent episodes/vasospasms of arterioles and vasoconstriction of small arteries of the hand and feet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most common is women ages 16-40 yrs
occurs more in cold climates and winter results in color pallor and temp cold and pain changes bilaterally in hands and feet |
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Term
| what is the color sequence in raynaud disease |
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Definition
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Term
| PAD and PAOD chief symptom? |
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Definition
| intermittent claudication |
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Term
| what % of vessel must be obstructed to have symptoms occur in PAD and PAOD? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happen in PAD and PAOD |
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Definition
| pain due to the inability of the arterial system to provide adequate blood flow to tissues? |
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Term
| Where dose the pain occur in PAD and PAOD? |
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Definition
| muscles in groups in joint |
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Term
| Where dose the pain occur in PAD and PAOD? |
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Definition
| muscles in groups in joint BELOW THE OCCLUSION/STENOSIS OF THE DISEASE |
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Term
| what kind of pain is common in PAD AND PAOD? |
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Definition
| cramplike muscular pain in extermities consistently occurs with the same amount of activity and relieved by rest |
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Term
| What are the S&S of PAD and PAOD |
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Definition
| it is REST PAIN, severe pain in the extremity at night time it worsens when the clients is at rest |
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Term
| what dose rest pain indicate? |
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Definition
| there is a severe degree of arterial insufficency and critical state of ischemia |
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Term
| what are the 6 P's in ischemia and what is ischemia? |
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Definition
ischemia is deficient blood supply to the body part and the p's are
Pain,
Pallor,
pulselessness(popilital, dorasalis, posterior tabial)
Parathesia(tingling, numbness) Paralysis,
Polkilothemia (coolness) |
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Term
| what is the treatment of PAD and PAOD |
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Definition
| place lower extermity in dependent position off bed and elevate HOB |
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