Term
| This river was explored by the Spanish |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Natural stream of fresh water that empty into a larger body of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vast, flat areas that are smaller than mountains |
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Term
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Definition
| Parts of a sea or ocean partly surrounded by land. |
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Term
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Definition
| Landforms that extend about the surrounding terrain |
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Term
| Patterns of Trade (one reason geographic features are important) |
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Definition
| Trade routes grew along rivers and good were transported along the rivers to various trading posts. |
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Term
| Plateaus (Land-related geographic feature) |
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Definition
| Large, flat areas of land that are higher than the surrounding land |
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Term
| Locations of cities and towns (one reason geographic features are important) |
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Definition
| Developed in areas near large bodies of water which provided transportation for goods and provided natural resources (fresh water) |
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Term
| Westward (frontier) movement (one reason geographic features are important) |
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Definition
| Rivers served as major transportation networks for early settlers. Open plains located in the central US allowed wagons and later trains to settle in other areas as well. |
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Term
| What regions of North America were explored and settled by France? |
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Definition
Samuel de Champlain established the French settlement of Quebec.
Rovert La Salle claimed the Mississippi River Valley. |
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Term
| Agriculture and fishing industries (on reason geographic features are important) |
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Definition
| The Great Plains offered a lot of land to use for farming and raising cattle. The fishing industry allowed the coastal areas to grow. |
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Term
| American Indians constructed shelters from resources found in their environment. What are four examples of these resources? |
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Definition
| Sod, Stone, Animal Skins & Wood |
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Term
| What kind of resource consists of goods produced and used to make other goods and services? Examples: Canoe, Bow and Spear. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Cactus Hill located? Why is it important? |
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Definition
| On the Nottoway River in southeastern Virginia. It's important because evidence found there suggests that humans lived there as early as 15-18,000 years ago. |
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Term
| Why were European countries motivated to gain power in North America? |
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Definition
Reasons for exploration:
Ecomomic - Gold natural resources, and trade
Religious - Spread of Christianity
Competitions for empire ans belief in superiority of own culture. |
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Term
| What do Archaeologists study? |
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Definition
| Human behavior and cultures of the past. |
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Term
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Definition
| The recovery of material evidence remaining from the past. |
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Term
| What were the accomplishments of the explorations? |
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Definition
Exchanged goods and ideas
Improved navigational tools and ships.
Claimed territories |
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Term
| What regions of North America were explored and settled by England? |
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Definition
One of the first explorers sent by England was John Cabot. He explored eastern Canada.
Later various groups from England settled the 13 colonies. |
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Term
| How did the American Indians and the Spanish interact with each other? |
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Definition
The Spanish
Conquered and enslaved American Indians.
Brought Christianity to the new World
Brought European diseases. |
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Term
| How did the American Indians and the French interact with each other |
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Definition
The French:
Established trading posts
Spread Christian religion (the French did not enslave Indians or take their land) |
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Term
| How did the American Indians and the English interact with each other? |
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Definition
Established settlements and claimed ownership of land
Learned farming techniques from American Indians
Traded |
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Term
| In what areas did the Europeans and Indians sometimes cooperate? |
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Definition
Europeans brought weapons and metal farm tools
Trade
Crops |
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Term
| What goods did the Portuguese trade with the West African empires |
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Definition
| Metals, cloth and other manufactured goods for West African gold |
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Term
| Plymouth colony was settled by Pilgrim separatists from the Church of England who wanted to avoid __________? |
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Definition
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Term
| Georgia was settled by people who had been in _______ in England. They wanted a new life and _______ freedom in the new World. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which colony was the first permanent English settlement in North America? |
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Definition
Jamestown (1607)
Roanoke Island was settled earlier but the settlers disappeared. |
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Term
| Name three colonies that were settled for economic reasons? |
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Definition
| Roanoke Island, Jamestown and Georgia. |
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Term
| Name three colonies that were settled for religious reasons. |
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Definition
| Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth and Pennsylvania. |
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Term
Which group of colonies:
lived in or around villages and towns? Citizens met in town meetings to discuss the important issues of the day. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the four New England colonies |
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Definition
| New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut. |
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Term
| Which group of colonies were small farms surrounding the towns and villages, but the rocky thin soil made it difficult to make a living from farming. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which group of colonies was more tolerant than elsewhere and accepted a mix of people, languages, religions and cultures |
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Definition
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Term
| Which colonial region had rich farmland, rivers, unskilled and skilled workers for natural and human resources? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did England impose economic control over the colonies? |
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Definition
Had control over trade.
England taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War.
Colonies traded raw materials for goods made in Great Britain. |
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Term
| How did England impose political control over the colonies. |
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Definition
Colonists had to obey English laws enforced by governors.
colonial governors were appointed by the king or by the porprietor
Colonial legislature made laws for each colony and were monitored by colonial governors. |
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Term
| Why were the colonists becoming increasingly unhappy with England |
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Definition
1. Colonies had no representation in Parliament.
2. Some colonists resented power of colonial governors
3. England wanted strict control over colonial legislatures
4. Colonies opposed taxes
5. The Proclamation of 1763 restricted the western movement of settlers. |
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Term
| Key philosophies in the Declaration of Independence were based on ideas FIRST expressed by whom? |
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Definition
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Term
| Colonies signed the Declaration of Independence from England on: |
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Definition
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Term
| A constitution written during the Revolution to establish the powers of the new national government was called: |
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Definition
| The Articles of Confederation |
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Term
| What kind of system of government did the Constitution establish |
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Definition
| A federal system of government |
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Term
| What is a federal system of government |
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Definition
| A system that divides power between the national government and the governments of the states |
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Term
| What did the Great Compromise do? |
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Definition
| Decided how many votes each state would have in the Senate and House of Representatives. |
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Term
| All states are represented equally in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was elected president of the Constitutional Convention |
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Definition
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Term
| How many states had to vote in favor of the Constitution before it could become law? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two people were influential in the ideas behind the The Bill of Rights |
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Definition
George Mason - The Virginia Declaration of Rights
Thomas Jefferson - The Virginia Statue for Religions Freedom |
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Term
| What were some of George Washington's accomplishments |
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Definition
Federal court system was established
The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution
Plans were initiated for development of the national capital in Washington, DC |
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Term
| Between 1801 and 1861 was a period of _____________? |
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Definition
| Vast territorial expansion and settlement |
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Term
| What new territories were added to the United States between 1801 and 1861 |
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Definition
Lousiana Purchase
Florida
Texas
Oregon
California |
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Term
| What did Lewis and Clark explore |
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Definition
| Louisiana Purchase and the Oregon Territory from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean |
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Term
| What territory was divided by the Unites States and Great Britain |
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Definition
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Term
| After the War with Mexico, what was added to the US? |
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Definition
| California and the southwest territory |
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Term
| What are the 6 specific factors that influenced westward migration |
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Definition
1. Popular growth in the east
2. Availability of cheap, fertile land
3. Economic opportunities
4. Cheaper and faster transportion
5. Knowledge of overland trails
6. Belief in Manifest Destiny |
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Term
| What made transportation cheaper and faster |
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Definition
Erie Canal
Steamboats
Steam Locomotives |
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Term
| What trail would take people Southwest |
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Definition
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Term
| What two major factors influenced westward migration |
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Definition
| Geography and economic opportunity |
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Term
| What was the result of the steamboat? |
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Definition
| It provided faster river transportation that connected Southern Plantations and farms to Norther industries and western territories |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that expansion as for the good and the right of the country |
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Term
| What was the result of the invention of the reaper |
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Definition
| It increased the productivity of the American farmer |
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Term
| Name three leaders suffrage movement |
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Definition
Isabel Sojourner Truth - former slave who was an advocate for equality and justice
Susan B. Anthony - advocated for voting rights for women and equal rights for all
Elizabeth Cady Stanton - played a leadership role in the women's rights unit |
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Term
| Name and explain the four causes of the Civil War |
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Definition
1. Cultural - North was an urban society and South was agricultural society
2. Slavery - lead to issues that that increasingly divided the nation and led to the are
3. Economic - North did want tariffs and was a manufacturing region. The South was agricultural and feared that tariffs would destroy their economy
4. Constitutional - North wanted strong central government and South wanted states rights. |
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Term
| What were the main ideas expressed during the suffrage movement |
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Definition
| Women were deprived of the basic rights such as: right to vote, educational opportunities (especially higher education), equal opportunities in business, and rights to own property. |
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Term
| What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act |
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Definition
| People in each state would be able to decide the slavery issue for themselves, This as called "popular sovereignty" |
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Term
| Name three famous abolitionist leaders. What did each person accomplish? |
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Definition
Harriet Tubman - helped slaves escape through the underground railroad.
William Lloyed Garrison - Wrote Liberator
Frederick Douglass - Wroth North Star |
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Term
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Definition
| In 1820 Missouri entered the Union as a slave state. It was decided that in order to keep an equal number of slave and free states Maine would enter the union as a free state. |
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Term
| An important issue separating the country related to the power of the federal government. Explain how both North and South felt |
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Definition
South believed they had hte power declare any national law illegal
North believed they national government's power was supreme over that of the states. |
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Term
| Which four slave states stayed in the Union |
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Definition
| Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri |
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Term
| Explain the importance of the first Battle of Mananas |
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Definition
| It was the first major battle of the war |
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Term
| What are the four ways location influenced major battles and developments in the war |
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Definition
The Union blocked southern ports,
Control of the Mississippi
Control of high ground
Battle locations were influenced by the capture of capital cities. |
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Term
| What made "freeing the slaved" the new focus of the war |
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Definition
| The Emancipation Proclomation |
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Term
| Name 7 general effects of the Civil War |
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Definition
Families fought against one another,
Southern troops became younger and more poorly equipped,
South as devastated (burnings), disease, com bat was brutal and man to man, women were left to run businesses, farms, and plantations in the South, and Confederate money became worthless |
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Term
| Explain the importance of the Battle of Vicksburg |
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Definition
| It divided the South and the North gained control of the Mississippi River |
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Term
| Explain the importance of the Battle of Gettysburg |
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Definition
| It was the turning point of the war. The North was able to hold off Lee's invasion |
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Term
| Where and when did Lee surrender to Grant |
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Definition
| Appomattox Court House in 1865 |
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