(1) Ground waves.

(2) Sky waves.

Direct Wave.

A refracted wave is bent as it passes obliquely from one medium to another (in the ionosphere) as a result of the difference in the velocity of the wave from the first medium to the second. A reflected wave is reflected from the surface of the earth.

(1) Troposphere.

(2) Stratosphere.

(3) Ionosphere.

D, E and F layers. The least ionized layer is the lower or D layer, while the most ionized is the upper or F layer.

The highest angle at which a wave can be propogated and still return from the ionosphere.

MUF.

Ionospheric storms.

Increased ionization during the day causes a sky wave to return to the earth nearer to the point of transmission. (A smaller skip distance.)

A satellite that simply reflects radio signals without any amplification.

Signal reception, translation, amplification, and retransmission.

Geostationary.

The reduction in strength of a radio wave as it travels away from its source.

Slow fading.

The receiving subsystem.

Retune the local receiver to the distant station downlink frequency.

(1) Antennas.

(2) Transponders.

(1) Transmitters.

(2) Antennas.

(3) Receivers.

Satellite earth terminals have higher quality, low-noise receivers.

It provides for satellite control, communication, payload control, and overall SATCOM network control.

Elliptical or circular orbits.

To keep a satellite in a desired position.

(1) Satellite control.

(2) Communication control.

Maintaining correct orbital characteristics and optimum transponder performance.

FDMA.

Each uplink carrier is assigned a separate frequency in the satellite transponder's frequency band.

TDMA.

The total power available.

(1) C² users.

(2) Operational support users.

C² users.

(1) Survivability.

(2) Responsiveness.

(3) Security.

(4) Cost Effectiveness.

(5) Interoperability.

GSVS.

STU-III terminal.

(1) Switching.

(2) Transmission.

(3) Timing and synchronization.

(4) AO&M/NM.

(1) Interswitch trunks.

(2) Access lines.

From a station clock synchronized to the worldwide LORAN C navigation system, to the Department of Defense GPS satellite, or to another highly accurate source, such as a cesium beam atomic clock.

The RNOSCs.

30 channels of PCM encoded speech, multiplexed with one synchronizing channel and one signaling channel.

(1) Message handling.

(2) Translation.

(3) Resource management.

DCM.

The central message controller.

Acknowledgement messages from both peripheral processors trying to establish the network.

Secret.

A system high level of Secret and are capable of simultaneous operation at higher levels, including TS/SCI.

On a removable FORTEZZA PCMCIA card (Also known as the KOV-14).

STE.

It will support asynchronous secure modes up to 38.4Kbps that enable voice-recognition-quality secure communications, and high-speed secure data transfer up to 128Kbps.

Up to 64 Kbps for synchronous; 19.2 Kbps for asynchronous.

48.

A class mark.

Trunk circuits. To define the service requirements, capabilities, and limitations of trunks and trunk groups.

An ICU.

Interface with a COMSEC cryptographic device.

Passes the supervisory and address signaling.

Through the use of routers and ATM switches, which are interconnected using high-speed digital trunks.

Who manages SIPRNET Hub routers and premise routers?

Hub routers are managed by DISA. Premise routers are managed as a base communications asset.

It can user Ethernet, router, FDDI, ATM data link protocols.

TDC equipment provides secure and non-secure telephone service, message switching, high capacity internet service, and connectivity for VTC at each deployed site.

(1) Switched Circuit Network.

(2) Datagram Switched Network.

The data backbone connection provides 10 Mbps Ethernet connectivity and the voice backbone connection provides 1.544 Mbps ISDN PRI connectivity.

No.

(1) C-band.

(2) X-band.

(3) Ku-band.

The voice network is implemented by a set of circuit switches at the nodes and hubs interconnected by backbone digital trunk lines.

(1) Data network manager.

(2) File server.

(3) Firewall.

(4) Voice manager.

(5) Mux manager.

How does the LMST provide a link to the JTF or other service provided hubs?

When connecting customer equipment to the TDC network, why must the user adhere to various standard and interfaces such as Ethernet and EIA/TIA RS-530?