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UWS-104AA-The Circulatory System
| UWS Physiology 104AA |
25
Sports
Undergraduate 1
10/03/2013

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Term
In order for the body to stay alive, each of its cells must receive a continuous supply of ____ and ______.
Definition
Food, Oxygen
Term
______ _______ and other materials produced by the cells must be picked up for removal from the body.
Definition
carbon dioxide
Term
The primary circulatory system consists of the _____ and _____ _______.
Definition
heart and blood vessels
Term
A subsystem of the circulatory system, the _________ system, collects interstitial fluid and returns it to the blood.
Definition
lymphatic
Term
The heart pumps oxygen rich blood from the lungs to all parts of the body through a network of ________, and smaller branches called __________.
Definition
arteries, Arterioles
Term
Blood returns to the heart via small _______, which lead to the larger veins.
Definition
Venules
Term
A network of tiny ___________ is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and body cells takes place.
Definition
capillaries
Term
The average adult has about ___ litres of blood and over ______ miles of blood vessels in their body.
Definition
5-6 Litres, 60,000 miles
Term
Bloods Purpose:
Definition
-Transportation
02, C02, food, heat, minerals, hormones
- Combat Infection
help fight infection, and prevention (immunity)
Term
Composition of the Blood:
Definition
ERYTHROCYTE - (RED BLOOD CELL)
LEUKOCYTE - (WHITE BLOOD CELL)
PLATELETS
Term
What do the ERYTHROCYTES do?
Definition
Haemoglobin bonds with oxygen. Carries oxygen from lungs to tissues
Term
What do the LEUKOCYTES do?
Definition
Destroys certain pathogens, fights infection
Term
What do the PLATELETS do?
Definition
Blood clotting or coagulation
Anti-coagulant (aspirin, heparin)
02 and c02 exchange in capillary bed
Term
Blood Pressure is broken up into 2 categories:
Definition
-Systolic - contraction
-Diastolic - between beats - heart is filling
Term
Normal Blood Pressure is:
Definition
- 120/80
Term
Hypotension is:
Definition
(low blood pressure) 100/60
Term
Hypertension is:
Definition
(high blood pressure) 140/90
Term
Blood Vessels - Arteries:
Definition
arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Term
Blood Vessels - Veins:
Definition
veins return blood to the heart
Term
Blood Vessels - capillaries:
Definition
connect smaller arteries and veins - arterioles and venules
Term
Blood Vessels - capillary bed:
Definition
O2 and CO2 exchange
Term
Partial Pressure:
Definition
The sum of the pressures of the individual gases (in an enclosed area) is equal to the pressure of the whole.
PP(gas) = %(gas) X absolute pressure (ATA)
Term
Diffusion:
Definition
The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration toward areas of lower concentration
Term
Route of Blood
Through the Heart
Definition
 blood returns to the heart by the inferior and superior vena cava to the right atrium
 from the right atrium it travels to the right ventricle
 from the right ventricle it is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
 at the lungs CO2 is exchanged for O2
 blood returns to the heart from the lungs through the pulmonary veins
 blood returns to the heart from the lungs to the left atrium
 blood travels from the left atrium to the left ventricle
 blood is pumped from the left ventricle through the aorta to all parts of the body
Term
Patent Foramen Ovale:
Definition
A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a hole in the heart that didn't close the way it should after birth.

During fetal development, a small flap-like opening — the foramen ovale (foh-RAY-mun oh-VAY-lee) — is usually present between the right and left upper chambers of the heart. It normally closes during infancy. When the foramen ovale doesn't close, it's called a patent foramen ovale.
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