Term
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Definition
| a deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
1) reduced oxygen supply
2) blockage of respiratory system
3) Circulatory Impairment |
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Term
| reduced oxygen supply | Causes |
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Definition
| Gas supply to diver is shut off or it is a wrong mix |
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Term
| blockage of respiratory system | Causes |
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Definition
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Term
| Circulatory Impairment Causes |
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Definition
Heart failure
Low volume (hypovolemic shock)
Hemoglobin insufficiency
CO present |
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Term
| Hypoxia and Breath-hold Diving |
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Definition
- hyperventilation (blow off CO2)
- delayed (CO2) stimulus to breathe
- lack of O2
- hypoxia |
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Term
| Signs and Symptoms of Hypoxia |
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Definition
cyanosis
headache
euphoria
fatigue
in-coordination
unconsciousness
respiratory and cardiac failure |
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Term
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Definition
ABC’s
100% O2
fresh air environment |
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Term
| Two Types of Oxygen Toxicity |
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Definition
1) pulmonary oxygen poisoning
2) CNS oxygen toxicity |
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Term
| pulmonary oxygen poisoning takes place in the: |
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Definition
| Oxygen toxicity involving the lungs |
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Term
| CNS oxygen toxicity take place in the: |
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Definition
| Oxygen toxicity involving the central nervous system |
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Term
| Oxygen toxicity is a possibility in the following: |
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Definition
- closed and semi-closed re-breathers
- mixed gas diving
- O2 in decompression (especially in the water)
- treatment (O2 treatment tables) |
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Term
| Development of Oxygen Toxicity depends on: |
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Definition
1) partial pressure of O2
2) duration of exposure
3) exercise
4) individual variation in susceptibility |
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Term
| Decrease Possibility of O2 Poisoning: |
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Definition
1) interrupt O2 breathing (air breaks)
2) stay at rest
3) observation by tender
4) limit exposure (PPO2) |
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Term
| Signs and symptoms of CNS Oxygen Poisoning (Con-Ventid) |
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Definition
CON- (convulsions)
V - visual disturbance (tunnel vision)
E - ears - acoustic hallucinations tinnitus
N - nausea
T - twitching
I - irritability
D - dizziness |
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Term
| Treatment of CNS Oxygen Toxicity |
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Definition
remove O2 BIB
stop ascending
protect but don’t restrain victim |
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Term
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Definition
| do not bring diver to surface while convulsing. Send standby diver in to assist and bring diver to surface after convulsion. Switch diver to air or heliox. Be prepared to treat for air embolism. |
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Term
| Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Features |
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Definition
Seen in long exposures to oxygen breathing at relatively low levels of oxygen.
- saturation diving (stay below 0.5 ata)
- treatment tables (extensions, recurrence) |
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Term
| Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Oxygen Poisoning |
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Definition
-mild trachea irritation
-cough, especially on deep inspiration
-substernal pain - worse with deep inspiration
-cough worsens over time and gets to be uncontrollable
-fall in vital capacity
-atelectasis – the collapse or closure of alveoli resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange |
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Term
| Prevention of Pulmonary O2 Poisoning |
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Definition
- intermittent exposure (air breaks)
- humidify oxygen being breathed
- be aware of early signs and symptoms |
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Term
| TREATMENT OF PULMONARY O2 POISONING |
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Definition
-switch to air table
- humidify oxygen being breathed
- sometimes have to overlook minor symptoms in order to receive benefits of oxygen (serious DCS such as spinal or cerebral DCS) |
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