Term
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Definition
| a conscious choice among analyzed alternatives, followed by action to implement the choice |
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Term
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Definition
| A series or chain of related steps leading to a decision, its implementation, and follow-up |
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Definition
| A decision that is repetitive and routine, with a definite procedure developed for handling it |
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Term
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Definition
| Novel, unstructured decisions, non-routine, no established procedure, requires information and alternatives outside standard decision making process, can be time consuming. |
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Definition
| a decision made in anticipation of an external change or other conditions |
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Definition
| a decision made in response to external changes |
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Term
| intuitive decision making |
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Definition
| a process of estimating or guessing to decide among alternatives. Can be risky if experience not applicable, when there is little time for analysis, or if no time/resources for better process (systematic) |
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Term
| systematic decision making |
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Definition
| an organized, exacting, data-driven process for choosing among alternatives. develop clear set of objectives/decision criteria, develop alternatives, select, implement, follow-up. "MANAGEMENT BY FACT"-DEMING. Not required (systematic)by all situations but good judgement is always required |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of (1) identifying a decision opportunity or need, (2)collecting information, (3)from the information, developing alternative courses of action, and (4) selecting one of the alternatives |
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Term
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Definition
| the realization that a discrepancy exists between a desired state and current reality |
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Definition
| the process to implement the alternative and then do follow-up to assess each of the implementation alternatives |
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Definition
| no element of chance, possible loss, or unpredictability. |
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Definition
| the decision maker has absolutely no knowledge of the outcomes of each alternative. |
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Term
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Definition
| the chance of a possible loss, or unpredictability, in a decision |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who accepts a reasonable alternative that isnt necessarily the optimal alternative. |
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Term
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Definition
| an increased commitment to a previous decision despite contrary information. |
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Term
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Definition
| the "working team" of a continuous improvement process consisting of anyone from the organization who can contribute to a problem's solution |
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Term
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Definition
| a process whereby a group of individuals generate ideas according to a firm set of rules while at the same time avoiding the inhibitions that are usualy caused by face to face groups |
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Term
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Definition
| a process involving soliciting and comparing anonymous judgments on the topic of interest through a set of sequential questionnaires that are interspersed with summarized information and feedback of opinions from earlier questionnaires |
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Term
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Definition
| a process of bringing people together in a group to solve a problem. In the NGT participants arent allowed to communicate verbally in the initial phase |
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Term
| Management Information System (MIS) |
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Definition
a combination of computers and regular, organized procedures to provide managers with information needed in making decisions.
- collects data
- stores and processes data
- presents info to managers
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Term
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Definition
| an intergrated collection of data stored in one place for efficient access and information processing |
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Term
| database management system (DBMS) |
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Definition
| a computer software program that helps firms manage their data files |
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Term
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Definition
| a collection of computers connected in a manner that allows them to function individually and communicate with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| a system of telecommunications links that connects all computers in one company directly without telephone lines |
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Term
| decision support system (DSS) |
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Definition
| an interactive information system that enables managers to gain instant access to information in a less structured fromat than MIS |
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Term
| Executive Information System (EIS) |
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Definition
| a user-friendly DSS designed specifically for executives. Its easy to use and requires no knowledge of the computer. |
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Term
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Definition
| a technology that allows computers to solve problems involving imagination, abstract reasoning, and common sense. |
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Term
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Definition
| the computers hardware and software capable of making decisions |
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Term
| The Decision-Making Influencer Enviroment (what influences decisions) |
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Definition
| Reason, Emotion, Knowledge, Uncertainty, Risk, Group Factors, Imagination, Individual Factors |
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Term
| TQM approach to decision making |
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Definition
| decisions based on measurable facts, focus on continuous improvement, teams make better decisions than managers |
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Term
| Quality Based Decisions - 9 STEP PROCESS |
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Definition
- establish specific goals and objectives
- identify and define the problem (see problem types flashcard)
- establish priorities from most important or urgent to least important or less urgent.
- determine cause of the problem
- develop alternative solutions
- evaluate the alternatives
- select the solution that solves the problem in order to achieve the objective (see satisficer flashcard)
- implement the decision
- follow up
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Term
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Definition
| guidelines that one uses when making a choice |
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Term
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Definition
| important influence on managerial behavior |
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Definition
| affect attitudes, beliefs, and needs |
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Term
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Definition
| physical and social situations |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological state of the individual in the form of attitude or behavior |
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Definition
| willingness to take risks |
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Term
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Definition
| disagreement or incongruity. Sometimes an escalation of commitment to justify/support a previous decision |
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Term
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Definition
| conflict between what the decision maker believes and consequences of a particular decision. |
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Term
| individuals vs group decision making |
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Definition
| groups take more time but make better decisions. Groups more negatively influenced by pressure such as "group think" and dominant personalities |
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Term
| process improvement teams |
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Definition
- limited to 6-8 people
- need to be both a leader and a facilitator to be productive
- have clear goals, time frame for achievement and the necessary human resources
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Term
| techniques for simulating creativity in group decision making |
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Definition
- brainstorming
- the delphi technique
- the nominal group technique (NGT)
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Term
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Definition
- Data-unorganized
- Information- Data that is organized and processed
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Term
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Definition
- accessible
- timely relevant
- accurate
- verifiable
- complete
- clear
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Term
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Definition
- who?
- when?
- why?
- how much?
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Term
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Definition
- input data
- organize data
- produce useful output
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Term
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Definition
- Results in reduction costs
- workers who are a problem in the office will be a problem at home
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