Term
| Which embryogenesis gene? Involved in patterning along the Ant-Post axis |
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Definition
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Term
| Which embryogenesis gene? Deficiency can lead to holoproscencephaly |
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Definition
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Term
| Which embryogenesis gene? Achondroplasia is involved in deficiency of this gene |
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Definition
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Term
| Which embryogenesis gene? Involved in segmental organization |
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Definition
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Term
| What teratogen alters HOX gene expression? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which embryogenesis gene? Blueprint for skeletal morphology |
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Definition
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Term
| In what time frame does fetal organogenesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is amniocentesis performed? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is Chorionic Villus Sampling performed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What divides the left and right atrium? |
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Definition
| Septum primum and septum secundum |
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Term
| In what week does the heart begin to beat? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does the fetus begin to look like a baby? |
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Definition
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Term
| What developmental structure? supplies oxygenated blood to the fetus |
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Definition
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Term
| What developmental structure? removes nitrogenous waste f/ the fetal bladder |
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Definition
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Term
| What developmental structure? fetal placental structure that secretes hCG |
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Definition
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Term
| What developmental structure? maternal component of the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| What developmental structure? returns deoxygenated blood f/ the fetal internal iliac arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| What genetic abnormality is commonly associated w/ endocardial cushion defects? |
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Definition
| trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome) |
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk |
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Definition
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? coronary sinus |
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Definition
| left horn of sinus venosus |
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? Superior Vena Cava |
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Definition
| Rt common cardinal vein and rt anterior cardinal vein |
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? smooth parts of the right and left ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? Smooth part of the right atrium |
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Definition
| right horn of sinus venosus |
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? trabeculated left and right atrium |
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Definition
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Term
| What embryologic structure is this derived from? trabeculated parts of left and right ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure divides the truncus arteriosis into the aortic and pulmonary trunkc? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cellular origin of the aorticopulmonary septum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which bones are sites of RBC synthesis in adults? |
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Definition
| vertebrae, sternum, ribs, pelvis, cranial bones |
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Term
| What 2 adult structures are derived f/ the third aortic arch? |
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Definition
1. Common Carotid A
2. Proximal part of Internal Carotid A |
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Term
| Which 2 adult structures are derived f/ the 4th aortic arch? |
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Definition
1. left: aortic arch
2. right: proximal part of rt subclavian |
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Term
| Which 2 adult structures are derived f/ the 6th aortic arch? |
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Definition
1. proximal part of pulmonary arteries
2. (left) ductus arteriosis |
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Term
| Which adult structures are derived f/ the 1st and 2nd aortic arches? |
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Definition
1st: part of MAXillary A
2nd: Stapedial and Hyoid A |
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Term
| Ebstein's anomaly is associated with what drug? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the associated heart defect? chromosome 22q11 (2 defects) |
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Definition
1. Tetralogy of Fallot
2. Truncus arteriosis |
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Term
| What is the associated heart defect? Down's Syndrome |
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Definition
| Endocardial cushion defects |
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Term
| What is the associated heart defect? Congenital Rubella (2 defects) |
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Definition
1. PDA
2. Pulmonary Artery Stenosis |
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Term
| What is the associated heart defect? Turner's Syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the associated heart defect? Marfan's Syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| What problems are the offspring of diabetic mothers at risk for? |
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Definition
1. Transposition of Great Vessels
2. hypOglycemia
3. Large for gestational age |
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Term
| If a child is born with a cleft lip, what embryologic structures failed to fuse? |
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Definition
| Maxillary and medial nasal processes |
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Term
| If a child is born with a cleft palate, there was defective fusion of what structures? |
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Definition
| Lateral palatine processes, nasal septums and/or the median palatine process |
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Term
| From which brachial pouch is this structure derived? middle ear and eustachian tubes? |
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Definition
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Term
| From which brachial pouch is this structure derived? superior parathyroids |
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Definition
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Term
| From which brachial pouch is this structure derived? Inferior parathyroids |
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Definition
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Term
| From which brachial pouch is this structure derived? epithelial lining of the palatine tonsil |
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Definition
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Term
| From which brachial pouch is this structure derived? thymus |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN is/are responsible for this tongue innervation? taste in the anterior 2/3 |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN is/are responsible for this tongue innervation? Taste in the posterior 1/3 (main innervator) |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN is/are responsible for this tongue innervation? motor |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN is/are responsible for this tongue innervation? sensation of the anterior 2/3 |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN is/are responsible for this tongue innervation? sensation in the posterior 1/3 |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 conditions are associated with an Arnold-Chiari malformation? |
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Definition
1. hyrocephalis
2. myelomeningocele
3. syringomyelia |
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Term
| What is the difference between an omphalocele and a gastroschisis? Which is worse? |
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Definition
| Both are caused by defects in the abdominal wall with protruding viscera. An omphalocele is covered by a sac whereas a gastroschisis is NOT. An omphalocele is worse bc often the liver protrudes |
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Term
| What is the difference b/w a brachial cleft cyst and a thyroglossal duct cyst? |
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Definition
| Brachial cleft cysts are on the lateral neck, whereas thyroglossal duct cysts are midline and move when swallowing |
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Term
| What are the classic presenting symptoms of syringomyelia? |
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Definition
| "cape-like" bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in the upper extremities (w/ preservation of touch sensation) |
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Term
| What posterior fossa malformation results in a large posterior fossa, absent cerebellar vermis, and cystic enlargement of the 4th ventricle? |
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Definition
| Dandy-Walker malformation |
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Term
| What cell layer do the brachial clefts come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cell layer do the brachial arches come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cell layer do the brachial pouches come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| During what week do the abdominal contents return to the abdomen? What artery do they rotate around? |
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Definition
| 10th week; they rotate around the SMA |
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Term
| How does congenital pyloric stenosis present? |
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Definition
| Palpable "olive mass" in epigastric region; non-bilous projectile vomiting at 2 wks |
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Term
| Potter's Syndrome results from malformation of what embryological structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Horseshoe kidney gets trapped under what artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 4 structures arise from the mesonephric ducts? |
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Definition
| "SEED" ...Seminal vesicles, Epididymus, Ejaculatory duct, Ductus deferens |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent of the glans penis? From what structure is it derived? |
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Definition
| Glans clitoris, derived f/ the genital tubercle |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent to the male corpus cavernosum and spongiosum? |
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Definition
| Vestibular bulbs, derived f/ the genital tubercle |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent to the male bulbourethral glands (of Cowper)? From what are they derived? |
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Definition
| Greater vestibular glands of Bartholin, derived w/ the urogenital sinus |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent of the prostate gland? From what structure are they derived? |
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Definition
| Urethral and periurethral gland of skene, derived f/ urogenital sinus |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent to the ventral shaft of the penis? From what is it derived? |
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Definition
| Labia minora, derived f/ the urogenital folds |
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Term
| What is the female equivalent of the scrotum? What is it derived from? |
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Definition
| Labia majora, derived f/ the labioscrotal swelling |
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Term
| What other malformation is epispadias associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dx? Male presents bc of infertility. Small testes, gynecomastia, tall w/ long extremities... |
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Definition
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Term
| Dx? Female presents w/ primary amenorrhea. Short w/ shield chest and webbing of neck... |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 cardiovascular anomalies are associated w/ Turner's Syndrome? |
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Definition
1. Bicuspid aortic valve
2. Coarctation of the aorta |
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Term
| Pseudohermaphrodites are named according to what? |
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Definition
| According to chromosome/gonads |
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Term
| Dx? Ovaries are present, but external genitalia is virilized or ambiguus... |
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Definition
| female pseudohermaphrodite |
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Term
| Dx? Testes are present, but external genitalia are female or ambiguus |
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Definition
| Male pseudohermaphroditism |
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Term
| What is the most common cause of male pseudohermaphroditism? |
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Definition
| Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome |
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Term
| Dx? Normal appearing female, but testicular tissue found in labia majora... |
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Definition
| Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome |
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Term
| Dx? Ambiguous genitalia until puberty..."Penis at 12"... |
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Definition
| 5-alpha-reductase deficiency |
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Term
| What reproductive pathology? Female w/ short stature and no barr body |
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Definition
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Term
| What reproductive pathology? Both ovarian and testicular tissues are present... |
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Definition
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Term
| What reproductive pathology? Male w/ Barr body in PMN's... |
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Definition
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Term
| What reproductive pathology? Ambiguus genitalia until puberty, then masculinization... |
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Definition
| 5-alpha-reductase deficiency |
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Term
| What is the most common cause of early cyanosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cause of late cyanosis? |
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Definition
| VSD resulting in Eisenmenger's |
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Term
| What is the most common cause of primary amenorrhea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cause of congenital malformation in the U.S.? |
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Definition
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