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USA Criminal Justice Test 2 Chapter 9
USA Criminal Justice Test 2 Chapter 9
76
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 1
11/05/2012

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Term
Prosecutors are required to assist the defense in building its case by making available any evidence in their possession.
Definition
Term
A study in the state of New York DID NOT find that defendents considered community courts to be less fair than traditional courts.
Definition
Term
A lay witness IS NOT allowed to offer his or her opinion in court.
Definition
Term
All judges in America ARE NOT chosen by election.
Definition
Term
A prosecuter IS NOT absolutley immune from civil liability when giving legal advice to the police and initiating a prosecution against a suspect.
Definition
Term
In 2005, the American Bar Association issued a set of 19 principles to guide jury reform. The principles ARE NOT aimed at preventing jurors from acceptin bribes.
Definition
Term
Most defendants ARE NOT represented by a private attorney through all stages of the court process.
Definition
Term
Suspects have the constitutional right to represent themselves.
Definition
Term
An indigent suspect charged with an offense for which he or she could receive a sentence of imprisionment has the constitutional right to be represented by counsel.
Definition
Term
By law and judicial precedent, television cameras ARE NOT permitted in state and federal courtrooms, including the United States Supreme Court.
Definition
Term
The Missouri plan for judicial selection includes elements of judicial selection by election and appointment.
Definition
Term
During the Middle Ages victims played a central role in trial and sentencing proceedings.
Definition
Term
FALSE: The American court system has three types of courts: federal, state, and local.
Definition
Term
An appeal by a defendant convicted in trial court, results in a new trial in the appellate court.
Definition
Term
False: In some instances, state courts will try a case involving federal law.
Definition
Term
Thomas Henderson found that misdemeanor courts process cases according to a less formal decision model, and courts of general jurisdiction process cases according to a formal procedural model.
Definition
Term
The Herrera decision severely limited access by state defendents to federal courts, with the ruling that new evidence of innocence is no reason for a federal court to order a new state trial if constitutional grounds are lacking.
Definition
Term
False: Most convictions, when appealed to a higher court, will be reversed.
Definition
Term
False: Every state has exactly one federal district court.
Definition
Term
At least four U. S. Supreme Court justices must vote in favor of a hearing for a case to be heard.
Definition
Term
All of the following are considered professionals in the courtroom work group except the:
Definition
victim
Term
The U. S. Supreme Court case of U.S. v Bagley compels the prosecution to disclose any evidence that the _____ requests.
Definition
defense
Term
Which statement is FALSE regarding the role of the judge in the courtroom work group?
Definition
The judge is responsible for presenting the atate's case against the defendant.
Term
Which work group member has the responsibility of demonstrating to a jury that a defendant is guilty betond a reasonable doubt?
Definition
the prosecutor
Term
The role of the defense attorney includes all of the following except:
Definition
quasi-legal advisor to the police
Term
The U. S. Supreme Court case of Gideon v Wainwright established the right to counsel for indigent defendents in ______ felony court proceedings.
Definition
state
Term
Who keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom?
Definition
Baliff
Term
Which Supreme Court case established the right to counsel for juvenile defendants?
Definition
In re Gault
Term
The most widely used system of indigent defense is:
Definition
court appointed defense attorneys
Term
Public defenders are:
Definition
full-time salaried staff
Term
Who is responsible for summoning members of the public for jury duty and subpoenaing witnesses for the prosecution and the defense?
Definition
the clerk of the court
Term
An arraignment, a bail hearing, or a trial for a felony offense would be conducted at which tier of a state court system?
Definition
trial court of general jurisdiction
Term
Courts that have the authoirty to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have:
Definition
appellate jurisdiction
Term
Case-flow analysis, juror management and budget management are all duties typical of a:
Definition
local court administrator
Term
All of the following are true statements about the United States Supreme Court except:
Definition
Once confirmed, a justice serves an eight year term.
Term
Thomas Henderson's decisional model describes the lower court process as:
Definition
informal, personal, and decisive
Term
When a trial court of general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of appellate review of a lower court's decision, it is giving a:
Definition
trial de novo
Term
Which of the following federal offices is responsible for adminstrating the federal court system:
Definition
Administrative Office of the United States Courts
Term
There is/are ______ district court(s) in the federal court system.
Definition
94
Term
In which court would a felony trial be held in the federal court system?
Definition
District Court
Term
How many regional intermediate appellate courts are there in the federal system?
Definition
12
Term

The U. S. Supreme Court case of Marbury v Madison established the court's authority as the ______ of the

 U. S. Constitution

Definition
final interpreter
Term
Ray had his wallet stolen. When the man who stole his wallet was caught, Ray opted to resolve the disagreement informally. The disposition of his case was probably heard at a:
Definition
dispute-resolution center
Term
The dual-court system consists of:
Definition
state and federal courts
Term
The power of a court to review actions and decisions made by other agencies of government is:
Definition
the power of judicial review
Term
The federal court system is comprised of the U.S. _____ courts, the U. S. Courts of appeals and the U.S. Supreme Court.
Definition
district
Term
States that followed the federal court model have how many tiers?
Definition
Three
Term
The witness has worked as an auto mechanic for 15 years. He testifies that in his option the brakes on the car failed because they had been cut. The auto mechanic is:
Definition
an expert witness
Term
A state misdemeanor case is likely to start in:
Definition
a trial court of limited jurisdiction
Term
The movement of a trial from one location to another is a/an:
Definition
change of venue
Term
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a trial court of limited jurisdiction?
Definition
Cases can be resolved only by jury trials.
Term
What court is the first apellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction?
Definition
trial courts of general jurisdiction
Term
How many states have intermediate appellate courts?
Definition
39
Term
Today's new personal technologies which include cellular telephones with digital cameras threaten courtroom:
Definition
privacy
Term
All of the following are nonprofessionals of the courtroom work group except:
Definition
baliff
Term
Public defenders are paid by:
Definition
a governmental agency
Term
The courtroom workgroups includes:
Definition
lawyers
Term
Jurisdiction may be thought of as:
Definition
lawful authority
Term
Cases begin in courts with ______ jurisdiction.
Definition
original
Term
A motion for _____ asks the court to move the trial to another jurisdiction.
Definition
change of venue
Term
A subpoena
Definition
may require an individual to appear in court
Term
Almost all states require that judges in appellate and general jurisdiction courts have all of the following qualifications except:
Definition
practice law as a criminal defense attorney
Term
Which of the following organzations provides specialized training to judges and is located on the campus of the University of Nevada at Reno?
Definition
National Judicial College
Term
A court of last resort has _____ jurisdiction
Definition
appellate
Term
What act specifies the procedures to register complaints against federal judges?
Definition
Judicial Councils Reform and Judicial Conduct and Disability ACT
Term
At least one study suggests that some prosecutors have a tendency to be lenient toward female defendants but discriminate against _____ defendants when deciding whether to prosecute.
Definition
minority
Term
What term describes an attorney who works for a law firm?
Definition
private attorney
Term
A defendant would be entitled to counsel if she were too poor to afford an attorney in each of the following situations except:
Definition
she were charged with a misdemeanor with a maximum penalty of $100 fine
Term
What percentage of inmates represent themselves at trial?
Definition
less than 5%
Term
Bob is convicted of theft in a lower court. On appeal, the higher court retries Bob's case.
Definition
Bob's appeal is a trial de novo
Term
A defense attorney must reveal known cases of _____) according to the Supreme Court case of Nix v Whiteside
Definition
client perjury
Term
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the Baliff?
Definition
case-flow analysis
Term
Who creates a record of all that occurs during the trial?
Definition
court reporter
Term
Who is responsible for swearing in witnesses?
Definition
clerk of court
Term
After Bob is convicted of murder in a trial court he goes to a higher court and asks that court to review the decision to convict him. The higher court:
Definition
has appellate jurisdiction
Term
Juries in most states are composed of how many members?
Definition
12
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