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| An inmate's criminal record before entering prison IS NOT the primary determinate of the actual amount of time served when an indeterminate sentencing practice is used. |
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| FALSE: Although most state felony cases are resolved by negotiated pleas, suspects charged in federal court usually go to trial |
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| Indeterminate sentencing IS NOT also sometimes called presumptive sentencing. |
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| False: Mistretta v U.S. held federal sentencing guidelines unconstitutional and banned application in any federal cases until changes were made. |
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| Specific deterrence seeks to reduce the likelihood of recidivism by convicted offenders. |
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| Most research on the deterrent effect of the death penalty has demonstrated that the death penalty does not deter potential offenders from committing crimes. |
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| According to the sentencing principle of equity, defendants should receive roughly the same sentence when the circumstances of the crimes they committed are similar. |
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| Fines are one of the oldest and a widely used type of criminal sanction. |
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| Between 1967 and 1977, a de facto moratorium existed with no executions carried out in any U. S. jurisdiction |
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| The U.S. Supreme Court has held that a simple showing of racial discrepancies in the application of the death penalty does not constitute a constitutional violation. |
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| The U.S. Supreme Court has limited the number of appeals a condemned person may lodge with the courts. |
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| Which of the following is not one of the goals of contemporary sentencing? |
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| Under the 2005 U. S. Supreme Court cases of U.S. v Booker and U.S. v Fanfan, the Federal sentencing guidelines can no longer be considered: |
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| Which sentencing goal stresses vengence? |
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| Seperating offenders from from the community furthers which sentencing goal? |
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| Which sentencing goal is closely associated with the phrase, "an eye for an eye?" |
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| Which of the following is one of the more rational sentencing goals? |
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| _____ deterrance seeks to reduce the likelihood of recidivism? |
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| Which sentencing goal attempts to make the victim "whole again?" |
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| A sentence of 8 to 25 years is an example of a/an: |
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| Which of the following is an argument in favor of indeterminate sentencing? |
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| Judicial discretion allows judges to tailor the sentence to the defendant. |
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| a direct relationship between the severity of the sanctions and the seriousness of the crime |
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| Which sentencing practice gives the offender a fixed term that may be reduced by good time or gain time? |
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| The use of court-ordered community service, home detention, day reporting, drug treatment, psychological counseling, victim-offender programming, or intensive supervision in lieu of other more traditional sanctions, such as imprisionment and fines. |
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| In regard to sentencing, cooperating with the authorities, good character, and no prio record are examples of _______ factors. |
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| Restorative justice focuses on crime as harm, and justice as _____ the harm. |
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| Who is the final arbiter of the actual sentence served in a state that relies on an indeterminate sentencing scheme? |
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| In 2004, the Crime Victim's Rights Act established rights for victim's: |
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| The examination of a convicted offender's background prior to sentencing. |
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| presentence investigation |
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| Gregg v Georgia approved the two-step trial procedure in _______ cases. |
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| _____ fines take into account the financial resources of the offender. |
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| What is the primary sentencing tool of the just desserts model? |
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| What is the earliest known rationale for punishment? |
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| What goal of sentencing is sometimes referred to as the "lock-em-up" approach? |
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| In indeterminate sentencing states, what is the primary determinant of the amount of time? |
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| inmates behavior while incarcerated |
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| Three-strikes laws are representative of: |
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| In 2005, the U. S. Supreme Court in the case of Roper v Simmons held that anyone who committed their crime when younger than 18 could not be sentenced |
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| Mistretta v U.S. unheld the constitutionality of |
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| the federal sentencing guidelines |
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| About what percentage of federal sentences are the result of guilty pleas? |
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| A victim-impact statement is: |
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| usually a written document describing the suffering and trauma experienced by the crime victim used before sentencing. |
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| In 2004, the U. S. Supreme court case of Blakely v Washington effectively invalidated any sentencing schema that allow ______ rather than juries to determine any factor that increases criminal sentence. |
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| How many states have capital punishment laws for first-degree murder? |
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| The 1966 Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act focuses on: |
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| federal appeals by death row inmates |
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| Which sentencing principle holds that the severity of sanctions should bear a direct relationship to the seriousness of the crime committed? |
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| Which sentencing principle objectively counts and offender's criminal history in the sentencing decision? |
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| A presumptive sentencing model includes all of the following except: |
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| The opposite of mitigating circumstances in sentencing is: |
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| aggravating circumstances |
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| Bob is arrested for drunk driving. When he appears in court the judge gives Bob the option of attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Bob agrees to go to the meetings and the criminal proceedings against him are suspended. This is an example of: |
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| What percentage of deatch row inmates is male? |
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| What percentage of death row inmates is African-American? |
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| What method of execution is used in most states? |
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| How many states have passed a constitutional amendment for crime victims? |
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