Term
| what symptom is considered a sign of malignancy until proven otherwise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Initial hematuria indicates bleeding in the |
|
Definition
| anterior urethral surface |
|
|
Term
| Terminal Hematuria indicates bleeding from the |
|
Definition
| bladder neck/ prostatic urethra |
|
|
Term
| Total Hematuria indicates bleeding from the |
|
Definition
| bladder or upper tract source |
|
|
Term
| Hematuria w/ colic is d/t |
|
Definition
| ureteral stone or bleeding tumor |
|
|
Term
| hematuria in young women is caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hematuria in older women or ANY male is indicative of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Urgency/dysuria is usually d/t |
|
Definition
inflammation
ex: cystitis |
|
|
Term
normal # of voids per day
per night |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Obstructive voiding sx usually caused by |
|
Definition
BPH
urethral stricture
neurogenic bladder disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Total
2. Stress
3. Urge
4. Overflow |
|
|
Term
| type of incontinence when you lose urine at all TIMES and in all POSITIONS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of incontinence with loss of urine assoc w/ activities--> incr abd. pressure (cough, sneeze, ect) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of incontinence with uncontrolled loss preceded by strong urge to void |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of incontinence caused by chronic urinary retention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gas in urine d/t fistual b/w bladder and GI |
|
Definition
Pneumaturia
caused by DIVERTICULITIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute cystitis is generally caused by |
|
Definition
E. coli or other GI coliform bacteria
if viral think adenovirus |
|
|
Term
| what test should be run to dx acute cystitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is imaging warranted in a pt w/ suspected acute cystitis |
|
Definition
| only if pyelonephritis, recurrent infxn, or anatomical abnormality |
|
|
Term
| is cystitis common in males? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of uncomplicated cystitis |
|
Definition
short term abx tx
fluoroquinolones (cipro) and nitrofurantoin |
|
|
Term
| fever, flank pain, irritative voiding sx, and + urine culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute pyelonephritis is caused by |
|
Definition
gram - bact
E. coli, proteus, klebsiella, enterobacter, psuedomonas
**if staph aureus think hematologic spread** |
|
|
Term
| Labs for acute pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
CBC
U/A
urine and blood cx |
|
|
Term
| what type of pyelonephritis is LIFE THREATENING? |
|
Definition
Emphysematous
(gas producing bacteria) |
|
|
Term
| tx of hospitalized pt w/ pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
urine and blood cx
IV ampicillin and aminoglycoside (gentamycin) for 27 hrs then oral tx for 7 days |
|
|
Term
| outpatient tx of pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
| nitrofurantoin or fluoroquinolone |
|
|
Term
| 2 categories of acute epididymitis |
|
Definition
Sexually transmimtted (young-->G/C)
non-sexually transmitted (old-->from UTI) |
|
|
Term
| pain that develops in scrotum and follows spermatic cord to flank with fever and scrotal swelling = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| painless enlargement of testis = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rest w/ elevation
tx STI, and UTI w/ appropriate ABX |
|
|
Term
| urinary stones occur primarily in |
|
Definition
MEN when young
even when old |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ca oxalate
Ca phosphate
struvite
uric acid
cystine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uric acid or cystine stones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what imaging dx most urinary stones |
|
Definition
| plain abd films and renal U/S |
|
|
Term
| 1st line tool to evaluate flank pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decr Ca absorption
surgery
thiazides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
incr fluid intake and give Ca supplements
(d/t diarrhea) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
incr pH above 6.5
potassium citrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tx UTI (usually in women w/ UTI)
incr fluid and incr pH of urine > 7.5
penicillamine and tipronin |
|
|
Term
| incontinence is dependent upon |
|
Definition
compliant reservoir
spincter efficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
surgery (congenital)
urethral bulking agents, slings, art placement (spincter injuries) |
|
|
Term
| tx of stress incontinence |
|
Definition
surgery
urethral injections in incr tension |
|
|
Term
| which type of of incontinence is NOT assoc w/ position change |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anticholinergics
TCA's
Sacral nn stimulation |
|
|
Term
| tx of overflow incontinence |
|
Definition
catheter
tx underlying cause |
|
|
Term
| special tests for incontinence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pain w/ full bladder and relieved during voiding
submucosal petechia on cystopic exam |
|
Definition
interstitial cystitis
**dx of exclusion!** |
|
|
Term
| tx of interstitial cystitis |
|
Definition
amitryptiline 1st line
CCB or nefidepine
TENS
surgery=last resort |
|
|
Term
| inability to maintain erect penis w/ rigidity to allow intercourse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are most cases of ED caused by organic or psych causes |
|
Definition
| organic (decr androgens, ect) |
|
|
Term
| loss of orgasm is generally caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alpha blocker
5 alpha reductase inhibitor
surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prostate
2nd leading cause of CA related death |
|
|
Term
| organ confined CA has prostate level of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what test confirms bladder CA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most testicular CA are of what origin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| it is more common to have testicular CA in which testicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common histological finding in bilateral testicular CA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biochemical markers for testicular CA |
|
Definition
| hCG, alpha feto-protein, lactate dehydrogenase |
|
|
Term
| which biochemical marker is elevated in seminoma |
|
Definition
hCG
NEVER alpha fetoprotein |
|
|
Term
| what should be performed to determine origin of testicular CA |
|
Definition
|
|
