Term
| What is the function of the kidensy |
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Definition
| maintain homeostasis in bodily fluids |
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Term
| How do the kidneys maintain homeostasis in bodily fluids? |
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Definition
| filters and secretes metabolites and minerals, excretes metabolites, minerals, water as urine |
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Term
| WHat do the kidneys regulate? |
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Definition
| blood pressure, glucose metabolism, erythropoiesis |
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Term
| What is the role of the ureters |
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Definition
| propel urine from kidneys to bladder |
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Term
| What is the detrusor muscle? |
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Definition
| layer of urinary bladder wall made of smooth muscle fibers |
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Term
| What happens when the bladder is stretched |
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Definition
| parasympathetic nervous system is signaled to contract the detrusor muscle |
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Term
| When the detrusor muscle is contracted what happens? |
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Definition
| bladder is encouraged to propel urine through the urethra |
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Term
| For teh urine to exit the bladder these must open |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How many sphincters must be opened to have urine exit? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are teh sphincters that open to allow urine to exit? |
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Definition
| autonomically controlled autonomic sphincter, voluntarily controlled external sphincter |
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Term
| Problems with what muscles may lead to incontience? |
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Definition
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Term
| Urology and the role of the PT: 1 |
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Definition
| Help to detect presence of pathology and pain of non-mechanical origin |
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Term
| Urology and the Role of the PT: 2 |
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Definition
| treatment for urinary incontience, overactive bladders, those on dialysis and differential diagnosis |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 1 |
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Definition
| diminished blood flow to kidneys |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 2 |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| component that remove waste from the blood and puts waste into the urine |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 3 |
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Definition
| Decreaced efficiency removing waste from the blood |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 4 |
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Definition
| volume of urine increases with age |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 5 |
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Definition
| constriction of blood vessels in the kideys |
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Term
| What could cause constriction of blood vessels in the kidneys? |
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Definition
| increase of physical/mental stress or disease |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 6 |
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Definition
| ineffective sodium regulation |
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Term
|
Definition
| recued sodium in the blood |
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Term
| In which population is hyponatreamia more common in? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 7 |
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Definition
| bladder's capacity to hold urine is decreased |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 8 |
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Definition
| more urien is produced at night in individuals > 60, increased night time urination |
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Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 9 |
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Definition
| decreasing tone of pelvic floor musculature |
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Term
| Decreasing tone of pelvic floor musculature is more common among who |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is decreasing pelvic floor tone more common in older women? |
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Definition
| hormonal change and the aging of soft tissues of pelvic floor structures |
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|
Term
| Age-Related Urinary Changes: 10 |
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Definition
| medications, medical conditions, surgeries, catheterizations, pelvic floor disorders |
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|
Term
| Urinary Tract Infection: Within the bladder |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Urinary tract infection involving the urethra |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Urinary tract infections involving the upper portion of the urinary tract |
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Definition
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Term
| Which UTI can result in a more serious infection |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| lymphatic or vascular obstruction |
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Term
|
Definition
| dysfunctional bladder epithelium |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Which gender is more likely to get a UTI? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are adult women more likely to get UTIs? |
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Definition
| proximity of urethral opening to vagina and rectum |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What could cause urinary obstruction |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| diminished bactericidal activity of prostate secretions |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a good medium for bacterial growth? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What is renal tubular acidosis |
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Definition
| when kidneys do not properly remove acid from the urine, leaving the blood too acidic |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| How is immobility a risk factor for UTIs? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| instrumentation, catheterization |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Risk Factors for UTIs: 10 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| There are 2 types of UTIs |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| infections that persist with the original organism without completely clearing |
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Term
|
Definition
| a different infection that occurs after succesful completion of teh initial infection |
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Term
| Can a Reoccurence UTI be due to the same organism? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria account for ~80% of all urinary tract pathogens? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What other common organisms can cause UTIs |
|
Definition
| pseudomonas, staphylococcus, candida |
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Term
| Bacterial Entry into the Urinary Tract: 1 |
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Definition
| ascending, up the urethra, into the bladder |
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Term
| Bacterial Entry into the Urinary Tract: 2 |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Bacterial Entry into the Urinary Tract: 3 |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| increased urinary urgency and frequency |
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Term
|
Definition
| cloudy, bloody, foul-smelling urine |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| WHere is pain common with a UTI? |
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Definition
| suprapubic, lower abdominal, groin, flank, low back |
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|
Term
| Patients who actually have a UTI are commonly referred to PTs with this |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Renal Calculi Etiology: 1 |
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Definition
| increased composition of a substance in the blood and the urinary excretion of this substance |
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Term
| Renal Calculi Etiology: 2 |
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Definition
| underlying metabolic conditoin, such as renal tubular acidosis |
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Term
| Renal Calculi Etiology: 3 |
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Definition
| more common in those with Crohn's disease |
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Term
| What common practice may increase renal calculi formation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Is there a link between vitamin C and renal calculi formation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How is a renal calculi formed |
|
Definition
| nanobacteria form a calcium phosphate shell that causes crystallization |
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Term
| What causes some people to have a higher predispositon to stone formation? |
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Definition
| genetic inclination, diet, drinking habits |
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Term
| If a stone forms in the kidney where is the pain felt? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| If the stone reaches the ureters, where is the pain felt? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| WHere is it more common to have pain associated with renal calculi? |
|
Definition
| ureters, due to smaller diameter |
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|
Term
| What secondary symptoms may accompany kidney stones? |
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Definition
| radiating pain, nausea, vomiting, increased urinary urgency and frequency, hematuria, diaphoresis |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What questions should a PT ask in regards to urologic pathology? |
|
Definition
| changes in urinary habits, pain, presence of risk factors associated with calculi |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of stones using a scope and forceps |
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|
Term
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
|
Definition
| use of sound waves to pulverize stones |
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