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Urinary System 2
Urinary System 2
43
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
03/25/2012

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Cards

Term
inflammation of the kidneys?
Definition
Pyelonephritis
Term
pyelonephritis what is caused by bacteria?
Definition
acute
Term
pyelonephritis that is not caused by bateria, but usually reflex?
Definition
chronic
Term
S/S of pyelonephritis?
Definition
- chills/fever
- malaise
- n/v
- flank pain
- frequency
- dyuria
- nocturia
- hemoturia
- cloudy urine
- ammonia smell
- polyuria
Term
How to diagnosis pyelonephritis?
Definition
- urinalysis
- urine c&s or gram stain of urine
- CBC
- IVP
- cystscopy
Term
Treatment of pyelonephritis?
Definition
- antibodics
- cramberry juice
Term
What medication is a urinary analgesic?
Definition
Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
Term
Facts about pyridium?
Definition
- turns body fluids orange or red
- take with meals
- watch for yellow-tinged sclera or skin
Term
Chronic inflammation of the bladder lining?
Definition
interstitial cystitis
Term
Treatment for interstitial cystitis?
Definition
- no steroid antinflammation meds
- cystectomy in very severe cases
Term
How to diagnosis interstitial cystitis?
Definition
- a UTI that won't go away
- cystoscopy
Term
Fluid filled sacs (cysts) affect nephrons They cause enlargement in the kidneys. Blood vessels and nephrons are compressed. Functional tissue is destroyed and eventually the kidney will atrophy
Definition
polycystic kidney disease
Term
Facts about polycystic kidney disease?
Definition
- massive kidney enlargement
- herditary
- develops by age 40-50
- increased risk of cyst formation elsewhere
Term
Polycystic kidney disease pt's are at risk for?
Definition
- hypertension
- CHF
Term
S?S of polycystic kidney disease?
Definition
- flank pain
- hematuria
- proteinuria
- polyuria
- noturia
- UTI
- calculi
- HTN
Term
Treatment for polycystic kidney disease?
Definition
- increase fluids
- ace inhibitors
- avoid nephrotoxic drugs
- dialysis or transplant

* restrict fluid until HTN and CHF is under control
Term
Stones in the urinary tract?
Definition
Urinary Calculi
Term
stone formation?
Definition
Lithiasis
Term
stone that forms in the kidney?
Definition
Nephrolithiasis
Term
Stone that forms in the kidney but moves to the bladder?
Definition
Urolithiasis
Term
Risk factors for urinary calculis?
Definition
- history
- dehydration
- increase calcium, oxalate, proteins
- gout
- hyperparathyroidism
Term
Stone formed by calcium and or phospahte?
Definition
calcium stones
Term
What is the most common stone?
Definition
calcium
Term
What stones form in alkaline urine (high pH)
Definition
calcium stones
Term
This stone is formed by uric acid?
Definition
uric acid stones
Term
What two things increase the risk of getting uric acid stones?
Definition
- gout
- acidic urine ( low pH)
Term
S/S of urinary stones?
Definition
- flank pain
- hematuria
- frequency/ urgency
- dysuria
- N/V
Term
With someone with stones what should you do with their urine?
Definition
filter it
Term
Distention of renal pelvis and kidneys?
Definition
Hydronephrosis
Term
Hydronephrosis with colicky pain on affected side?
Definition
acute
Term
Hydronephrosis with dull ache in back or flank?
Definition
chronic
Term
S/S of hydronephrosis?
Definition
- hematuria
- signs of UTI
Term
Treatment for acute hydronephrosis?
Definition
- analgesia
- hydration
- antispasmodics
- antibodics if infection is present
Term
Sound or shock waves that crush stones?
Definition
Extracorporeal shock wave lithrotripsy
Term
What is done for a lithrotrispy?
Definition
- x-ray is done to find stone
- IV or PO sedation

Post-OP
- frequent VS
- bright red urine (24hours)
- monitor cath patency
Term
Post-op lithrotrispy: pain?
Definition
- NSAIDS
- Antispasmodics
- encourage fluid
Term
Post-op lithritrispy: impaired urinary elimination?
Definition
- monitor amt and character of urine
- strain all urine for stones
- monitor for hdryonehrosis
- be alert for renal failure signs
Term
Signs of renal failure?
Definition
- hematuria
- dysuria
- oluria
Term
Surgical removal of the bladder?
Definition
Cystectomy
Term
Removal ilium form small intestines. One side of the ilium will be connected to the ureters the other do the abdomen creating a sac?
Definition
Ileal Conduit
Term
Ileal conduit have a high risk for what?
Definition
reflex
Term
Same as ileal conduit but making a flap to actually hold urine. These pt's will have to strait cath to every 2-3 hours?
Definition
Continent urinary diversion
Term
Nursing care for post-op urinary diversions?
Definition
- monitor I&O q1h for 24hours
- call if output is less then 30ml/h
- assess stoma q2h for 24hours
- monitor labs
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