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urinary elimination
Test 3 (Madison Note Cards)
56
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/29/2016

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Cards

Term
How many L of urinary output a day?
Definition
1-2L
varies w/temp and fluid intake
Term
Kidneys
Definition
filter blood
located against back muscle (between spine/last rib)(pain here indicates infection)
receive 25% of cardiac output
Term
ureters
Definition
peristaltic waves allow urin to enter bladder
Term
bladder
Definition
stores urine
pushes above synthesis pubis
Term
urethra
Definition
passes to outside
Term
which spinchter do we control?
Definition
external, not internal
Term
what is micturition
Definition
the act of urinating/voiding
Term
what is an accurate perfusion amount?
Definition
30mL per hour
-enough cardiac output
Term
where is urine formed?
Definition
nephron
Term
where does glomerular filtration take place?
Definition
kidneys
Term
when can humans control urine output?
Definition
@ 2 years of age
Term
name some factors influencing urination
Definition
grwoth/development
social,
culture,
psychological,
muscle tone- OB/trauma,
fluid intake,
surgery,
meds,
trauma
Term
When ADH is suppressed what happens?
Definition
output increases
Term
common urinary problems
Definition
retention- restless, pressure, distention
UTI- E.Coli
incontinence
diversion
continuous incontinent drain
Term
Transient Incontinence
Definition
total
temporary medical condition
unpredictable times
Term
Functional Incontinence
Definition
mental/physical impairment
-outside of urinary system
unpredictable loss

ex. can't get to bathroom
-too far away
-can't get to walker
Term
overflow incontinence
Definition
over distended
-normally wet
0PVR, frequency, nocturia
Term
stress incontinence
urge incontinence
Definition
hard to differentiate the two
stress- increased pressure w/leakage
-sphincter can't get hold tight

urge- involuntary pass of urin after urge to hold
-spasms
Term
Reflex incontinence
Definition
involuntary loss @ predictable times and volumes
Term
DIAPERS
Definition
delirium
infection
atrophic urethritis
pharmaceuticals
psychological
excess urine output
restricted mobility
stool impaction
Term
common UTI signs
Definition
increased freq
burning
cloudy
odor
blood urine
Term
dysuria
Definition
pain w/voiding
-inflammation, trauma
Term
frequency
Definition
more than 8x when awake
-fluid intake, inflammation, pressure
Term
hesitancy
Definition
delay in start of urination
-anxiety, urethral edema
Term
polyuria
Definition
excess urine voiding
-fluid, DM or DI, diuretics
Term
oliguria
Definition
diminished output because of decreased intake

-renal disease, dehydrated, ADH
Term
nocturia
Definition
awake from sleep to urinate
-fluids, renal, cardiac output
Term
dribbling
Definition
leakage
-retention, stress
Term
hemoturia
Definition
blood in urine,
-trauma, cancer
Term
residual
Definition
leftover urine after voiding
Term
what are 2 common meds that affect urination?
Definition
diuretics
opiods
Term
when should diuretics be given?
Definition
not @ night time because of increased urgency
Term
do you need doc to order I&O?
Definition
no, but don't ever restrict fluid intake without order.
Term
assessment
Definition
palpate
skin nucosa
kidneys (CVA angle)
bladder
urethral meatus
discharge
I&O
urine-color, small, clarity
Term
specific gravity
Definition
increased if dehydrated
decreased if overhydrated
Term
urinalysis (UA)
Definition
random time
reagent strip
Term
timed urine test
Definition
24 hours
8a-8a
waste first
collect every drop after that
Term
clean catch (mid-stream)
Definition
1. Waste
2. void in cup
3. don't finish in cup

*don't touch inside of cup
Term
what technique is used w/ clean void?
Definition
sterile
Term
culture and sensitivity
Definition
sterile specimen bag w/first use

part of tubing w/fresh urine
Term
noninvasive diagnostic exam
Definition
KUB-xray, flat plate of abd
IV pyelogram- consent, allergies, bowel prep, NPO, IV
CAT SCAN- slices of body, glomurelar function rate (GFR)
Term
Invasive diagnostic exam
Definition
endoscopy
cytoscope
urodynmaic
Term
Nursing Care Plan (NCP)
Definition
urinary retention r/t weakened muscles and foley removal
Term
what is an adequate daily fluid intake?
Definition
6-8 glasses
drink 1 cup after voiding
Term
how to promote bladder emptying
Definition
position
sensory
double void
timed voiding
Term
what is bladder compression
Definition
NEED PCP CONSULTATION

compress bladder, contract abd wall, hold breath
Term
intermittent catheter
Definition
clean technique
single use
Term
indwelling catheter
Definition
foley (16-18 adult
-balloon, filled w/10ml sterile water
-used fro obstruction, I&O, continuous draining
-closed system decreases infection
-8 hrs after BM
-peri-care 4inces from cath to urethra

cath removal-asepsis
Term
alternatives to catheters
Definition
suprapubic-surgical
condom
absorbent pads/briefs
Term
urinary diversions
Definition
incontinent-change 3-7 days
continent- change 4-6x a day
Term
pelvic floor muscle training
Definition
kegel
Term
restorative skin care
Definition
incontinence associated dermatitis
decrease infection
comfort-pyridium for UTI's
ureterostomy
Term
bladder scan
Definition
if female had hysterectomy, put on as a male
gel 1-2 in above symphosis pubis
Term
what position for cath insertion?
Definition
female-dorsal recumbent
male-supine
Term
how much do we lubricate
Definition
female- 2 in
male- 7 in
Term
can a leg bag be used in bed?
Definition
no
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