Term
| Name the three classifications of UTIs |
|
Definition
- Urethritis - urethra
- Cystitis - bladder
- Pyelonephritis - kidney
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|
Term
| Urethritis: common causes (4) |
|
Definition
- Chemical irritant
- Bacterial infection
- Trauma
- STD
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|
Term
| Urethritis: STDs that usually cause the disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Urethritis: typical meds used |
|
Definition
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|
Term
A client with urethritis is on Peridium. She calls the clinic, complaining that her urine appears to be bloody. The nurse should
A) advise the client to see her doctor immediately
B) advise the client to discontinue medication
C) ask the client to come in for testing
D) assure the client that the discoloration is normal |
|
Definition
| D) assure the client that the discoloration is normal. |
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|
Term
A client is prescribed Peridium for urethritis. She asks how long it will take for the medication to rid her system of the infection. The nurse should tell the client,
A) "It will take about 5-7 days."
B) "It will take about 2-3 weeks."
C) "Just take the medication until it is all gone."
D) "This medication does not treat the disease." |
|
Definition
D) "This medication does not treat the disease."
It's an analgesic. It only relieves the pain. |
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|
Term
| Urethritis: common symptoms |
|
Definition
- Frequency
- Urgency
- Dysuria
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|
Term
| Non-specific urethritis: complication |
|
Definition
Females tend to be asymptomatic, which leads to inadvertently re-infecting their male sex partners.
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|
Term
| Trichomonas: complication |
|
Definition
Males tend to be asymptomatic, which leads to inadvertently re-infecting their female sex partners.
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Term
| Gram negative diplococcus is indicative of what disease? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Cystitis: #1 bacterial cause |
|
Definition
E. choli
accounts for 90% of cystitis cases |
|
|
Term
| Cystitis: highest risk factor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cystitis: common symptoms |
|
Definition
- Frequency
- Urgency
- Dysuria
- Turbidity
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|
Term
| Cystitis: diagnostics (4) |
|
Definition
U/A:
- Turbid appearance
- Presence of
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|
Term
| Uncomplicated Cystitis: common meds |
|
Definition
| Sulfameds (ie Bactrum and Septra) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Can cause stones
- Reduces effectiveness of birth control pill
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|
|
Term
| Complicated cystitis: common med |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complicated cystitis: common cause |
|
Definition
| Failure to complete therapy leaves surviving bacteria that become resistant to sulfameds |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Pyelonephritis: structures commonly affected |
|
Definition
- Renal pelvis
- Renal tubules
- Interstitial tubules
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|
|
Term
| Acute pyelonephritis: common origin |
|
Definition
| Renal medulla, spreading to adjacent cortex |
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|
Term
| Which UTI is more serious and why? |
|
Definition
| Pyelonephritis. Larger blood supply, therefore larger risk of transmission into blood. |
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|
Term
| Pyelonephritis: Major complication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Chronic renal failure
- Kidney damage
- Sepsis
- Bacterial invasion (E. choli)
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|
Term
| UTIs: predisposing factors (10) |
|
Definition
- Residual urine in bladder
- Intercourse (females)
- Contamination of perineal area
- Incontinence
- Instrumental invasion
- Previous infections
- Short urethra (females)
- Nonspecific urethritis (males)
- Bladder reflux
- Neurogenic bladder
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|
Term
| Which UTI are women at high risk for RE-infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does "standing" urine in the bladder lead to bladder damage? |
|
Definition
| Standing urine distends bladder, decreasing blood supply to bladder walls |
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|
Term
| What is the simplest thing people can do to reduce the risk of acquiring a UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexual activity can lead to "honeymoon cystitis." How? |
|
Definition
| Trauma to the female bladder, causing irritation and tearing of bladder lining. |
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|
Term
| Inability to control urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Going all the time, but no increase in total daily volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Feeling like you gotta go all the time |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Why might UTIs among the elderly be missed? |
|
Definition
| The only symptom might be fatigue |
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|
Term
| "Incubation period" for UTI caused by catheter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why might the eldery be more likely to contract a UTI? |
|
Definition
| Diminished immune response |
|
|
Term
| Inability to control urination |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What condition to report on client on prolonged nephrotics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Test for renal arterial supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the leading cause of UTIs |
|
Definition
| Foley catheters in hospital |
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|
Term
| Nursing goals to reduce risk of UTI |
|
Definition
Keep area clean and dry
Keep open to air
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|
|
Term
| Triggered by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or other physical exertion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Conditions that increase risk of stress incontinence in men |
|
Definition
- prostatectomy
- radiation |
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|
Term
| Condition that increases risk of stress incontinence in women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nursing to reduce stress incontinence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Involuntary urine loss associated with strong desire to void |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common type of incontinence among elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nursing instruction regarding urge incontinence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of incontinence associated with bladder distention |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Causes of overflow incontinence |
|
Definition
Spinal chord injuries
Prostate enlargement |
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|
Term
| A client wets himself because he's handcuffed to the bed. What's this called? |
|
Definition
Functional incontinence
(not to mention, cruel and unusual) |
|
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Term
| May be caused by ureter malformation, surgery, or trauma. patient is usually neurologically impaired |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often is a condom catheter changed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cystitis prevention for females |
|
Definition
- no bubble baths
- use cotton underwear
- void regularly
- void after sex |
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|
Term
| Nursing care after cystoscopy |
|
Definition
- warm compress
- sitz bath |
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|
Term
| Two ways to get residual urine measurement |
|
Definition
- Straight catheterization immediately after client voids
- Ultrasound immediately after client voids
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|
|
Term
| Fluid within the layers of the bladder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is interstitial cystitis diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Painless hematuria
- Frank blood
- Bladder irritability
- Bladder retention
- Metastatic pains
|
|
|
Term
| What is the follow-up procedure after fulguration? |
|
Definition
| Cystoscopy, 3 months after fulguration |
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Term
| What makes caring for a urinary ostomy different from caring for a colostomy? |
|
Definition
| DON'T irrigate a urinary ostomy. |
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|
Term
| What can be done to reduce the smell of urinary devices |
|
Definition
| Put vinegar in the collection bag |
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|
Term
| How much fluid should women take daily to prevent UTIs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define:
Normal output
Oliguria
Anuria
Polyuria
|
|
Definition
Normal: 1-2 L/dy
Oliguria: <400 ml/dy
Anuria: <50 ml/dy
Polyuria: >2500 ml/dy |
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|
Term
| What is in the urine of a client with pyelonephritis that is NOT in the urine of clients with other UTIs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient teaching regarding UTIs |
|
Definition
- Drink lots of water
- Wipe from front to back
- Void every 3 hrs
- cranberry juice
- no bubble baths
- cotton underwear
- complete antibiotic therapies |
|
|
Term
| Appearance of normal urine from ileal conduit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the difference between a Kock pouch and an Indiana pouch? |
|
Definition
| Indiana pouch is bigger. Made from ascending colon and terminal ilium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dairy products
Sardines
Broccoli
Green leafy veggies |
|
|
Term
| How to tell pyelonephritis from cystitis (symptoms) |
|
Definition
- Client feels "sicker" than with cystitis
- CostoVertebral Angle Tenderness |
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|
Term
| Complication of Pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
| Repeated infections may scar tissue, leading to kidney failure |
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|
Term
| Signs of urosepsis among the elderly: early vs late |
|
Definition
Early sign: may only be fatigue
Late sign: LOC change |
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|
Term
| Mandelamine: nursing notes |
|
Definition
- Cannot be used with sulfa drugs
- Can be used prophylactically
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Works well in alkaline urine |
|
|
Term
| What is more powerful than Bactrum or Sepra? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pyelonephritis: common drug treatments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pyelonephritis: potent medication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urine may be orange-red colored |
|
|
Term
| Urethral strictures: causes |
|
Definition
- kinks
- tumors
- childhood undergrowth
- prostate problems |
|
|
Term
| Urethral strictures: complications |
|
Definition
- increased risk of UTI
- diminished urine stream
- Hydronephrosis |
|
|
Term
| Urethral stricture: treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Procedures to treat urethral stricure |
|
Definition
- Urethroplasty
- Catheterization |
|
|
Term
| Backflow of urine into the kidney |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are renal calculi typically composed of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following are renal calculi formed from. Select all that apply.
A) Calcium phosphate
B) Calcium carbonate
C) Magnesium
D) Phosphorus
E) Uric acid
F) Calcium oxylate
G) Hydrochloric acid
H) Protein |
|
Definition
A) Calcium phosphate
C) Magnesium
E) Uric acid
F) Calcium oxylate
H) Protein |
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: dietary advice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: Risk factors |
|
Definition
- Dehydration
- Family history
- High-calcium diets
- Immobility |
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: classic signs |
|
Definition
- Sudden, severe flank pain
- Renal colic
- Fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Costal Vertebral Angle tenderness: flank pain below the ribs, radiating to the ilium. |
|
|
Term
| IVP: nursing interventions |
|
Definition
- informed consent
- NPO 8 hrs pre
- laxative pre
- allergies to iodine
- epinephrine handy
- teach about salty taste
- increase fluids post
|
|
|
Term
| KUB: nursing interventions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: nursing interventions |
|
Definition
- Treat pain to prevent shock
- strain urine
- Calcium restrictions
- Low-oxylate diet
|
|
|
Term
| Low-oxylate diet restrictions |
|
Definition
- beets
- rhubarbs
- spinach
- cocoa
- coffee
|
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: medications given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why would Demerol be given instead of morphine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why would Morphine be given instead of demerol? |
|
Definition
| More can be given before nausea/vomiting occurs |
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: Procedural treatment |
|
Definition
- Chemolysis
- Lithotripsy
- Lithotomy
|
|
|
Term
| Meds used to treat calcium stones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meds used to treat uric acid stones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal calculi: complications |
|
Definition
- shock
- sepsis
- hydroureter
- renal failure
- obstruction
- hydronephrosis |
|
|
Term
| Most common form of urinary tract cancer |
|
Definition
|
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