• Progressives moral movement to restore america from against socialist and democracies 
• Merit hiring instead of patronage 
• Tougher truancy and alcohol laws
• Wanted at large elections to control gerrymandering 
• cut immigrant voting supported reading tests and poll taxes

Urban Reform Movement 

what it caused

Suburbs 

• Caused more individual society
• Class based on social economic status 
• Smart growth economic pedestrian/bike friendly howard geddies 
• Single family homes

1. Transportation easier more cars better roads
2. Legal reason brown v board and civil rights
3. desegregation schools work cities
4. class social status 
5. Housing

1. Better schools
2. Housing value 
3. more green space
4. jobs
5. less crime

1. Unsustainable land use
2. auto pollution 
3. stress
4. race divide
5. sterile 

• 1930 1980 
• influenced by new deal 
• administrative state government is the solution 
• Social welfare 
• WPA
• Jobs handed out by federal gov
• Civil rights acts 64 65 68

• interested in programs to combat poverty
• combat poverty among youth reduce crime
• break cycle of poverty

• Government was solution not problem 
• program prevailed until reagan 
• Based on populism what issues are the most popular to average person
• war on poverty 1964 
• welfare education funding low income housing

• Preposed universal healthcare
• Clean Air
• Clean water
• Guranteed income to all people
• government is answer
• 1974 community development block grant
• economic development or housing 

• Limits who receives community block grants
• targets worst hoods

• Changed everything 
• government is the problem 
• domestic spending is the problem
• de regulation first time since new deal
• business lobbying urban enterprise zones
• bring in private business as a form of subsidizing welfare 
• high millitary spending low domestic spending 

• Urban Enterprise 
• Theory trickle down economics
• Tax cuts for rich provide more money for poor
• called reganomics vodoo economics 

• New kind of democrat 3rd wave
• part of dlc
• Third path
• civic involvement urban enterprise stimulus package 
• earned income tax credit 
• health program for children 
• budget cuts 

• urban enterprise tax cuts for wealthy 
• federal subsidies for churches clinton
• utilized executive order

• urban enterprise 
• stimulus package 
• following same trends as prodecessor except health care

National Urban Policy 

Conclusion

• Most popular form of municipal gov
• came out of progressive era non partisan 
• proffesionlization of bureaucracy no patronage 

• Mix of elite and pluralism 
• economic bias and stratification in cities toward wealthy 
• business tend to dominate but not always
• economic development land use and zoning
• urban sprawl 
• smart growth burnham howard geddes
• new urbanism burnham