Term
| List the indications for oral decongestants (Label uses only) |
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Definition
1. URI
2. Sinusitis
3. Allergic Rhinitis |
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Term
| List the indications for topical nasal decongestants: |
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Definition
1. Symptomatic relief of congestion (cold, hay fever)
2. MIddle ear infection to decrease congestion
3. Relief of ear block and pressure or pain in air travel |
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Term
| List the indications for antihistamines |
|
Definition
1. Allergies
2. Rhinitis
3. Urticaria |
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Term
| List the indication for intra-nasal steroid |
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Definition
| 1. Allergic rhinitis (Rhinorrhea, coughing, sneezing, nasal itch) |
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Term
| List the indication for leukotriene receptor antagonist: |
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Definition
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Term
| List 2 oral decongestants and the mechanism of action |
|
Definition
1. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
2. Phenyllephedrine (Neosynephrine)
MOA: Alpha adrenergic agonsist (Shrinks mucous membranes, increases drainage and decreases stuffiness. |
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Term
| What is the concern with topical nasal decongestants (such as Afrin) after 3 days of use? (It is a specific adverse reaction) |
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Definition
| Rebound congestion when used longer than 3 days. |
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Term
| Name 2 commonly used Oral antihistamines |
|
Definition
1. Diphenhadramine (Benedryl)
2. Cetirizine (Zyrtec) |
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Term
| What class of drugs is first line treatment for allergic rhinitis? |
|
Definition
| Intranasal cortico-steroid |
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Term
Describe how guaifenesin (Mucinex) works:
How is this helpful? |
|
Definition
It reduces the viscosity of secretions by increasing the amount of respiratory tract fluid
Nonproductive coughs become more productive and less irritating to the airways |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of antihistamines |
|
Definition
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Term
| Why do antihistamines cause sedation and drowsiness? |
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Definition
| They bind to histamine and acetylcholine sites leaving excess acetylcholine in the system leading to drowsiness |
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Term
| In what conditions do we use caution with anti-tussives |
|
Definition
*Anti-tussives should only be used for dry cough
*Suppression of cough in those with excess respiratory secretions may cause worse problems |
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Term
| What is the caution with consistent use of intra-nasal steroids in pediatric populations? |
|
Definition
| Risk for growth suppression |
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Term
| Would you prescribe codeine to geriatric and pediatric patients? |
|
Definition
Geriatric: Not first choice- monitor for liver impairment, hypothyroid, Addison disease, urethral stricture, prostate hypertrophy
Children: Do no use in infants- codeine crosses blood brain barrier |
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Term
| When prescribing combination antihistamine and decongestant therapy, what is the amount of decongestant in Claritin D? |
|
Definition
120 or 240 mg loratidine/5-10mg pseudoephedrine
Contraindications:
renal impairment, heart disease, BPH, HTN, DM, glaucoma
***Must be older than 12 |
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Term
|
Definition
Nasal spray
(Decongestant, antihistamine)
(H1 receptor antagonist)
Used for seasonal allergic rhinitis in those > 5 years old. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Nasal spray
(Decongestant, antihistamine)
(H1 receptor antagonist)
Used for seasonal allergic rhinitis in those > 5 years old. |
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Term
| Briefly discuss the overuse of benadryl and why |
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Definition
| It can thicken secretions or impair expectoration especially in COPD and asthma patients. |
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Term
| Briefly discuss the overuse of benadryl and why |
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Definition
| It can thicken secretions or impair expectoration especially in COPD and asthma patients. |
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Term
| Can NPs prescribe all of the meds in this module? |
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Definition
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