Term
| Components of Upper GI system? |
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Definition
Oral cavity
Tongue
Salivary glands
Teeth
Tonsils |
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Term
| Components of oral cavity? |
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Definition
1) Oral cavity proper - the space behind the teeth
2) Vestibule - the space anterior to the teeth |
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Term
| How can the oral cavity surface be compared to thin skin? |
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Definition
Mucosa:
Stratified squamous with keratinocytes, Langerhan's cells, melanocytes, and Merkel cells = epidermis
Lamina propria =
Submucosa with loose or dense CT, fat, or salivary glands = hypodermis |
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Term
| In what ways can the SSE of oral mucosae vary? |
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Definition
Thickness
Keratinization
Permeability |
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Term
| What are the types of oral mucosae? |
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Definition
Masticatory - in gingiva and hard palate
Lining - soft palate, cheeks, inner lip
Specialized - papillae on dorsal surface of tongue |
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Term
| What type of SSE makes up masticatory oral mucosae? |
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Definition
Keratinized or parakeratinized squamous epithelium with 4 layers:
S. basale
S. spinosum
S. granulosum
S. corneum |
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Term
| What are the components of the lamina propria of masticatory oral mucosae? |
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Definition
Papillary layer - tall papillae, loose CT
Reticular layer - dense CT
NO taste buds |
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Term
| Where is the submucosa of masticatory oral mucosae located? |
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Definition
Overlying palate bones, with fat anteriorly and salivary glands posteriorly
Absent from the midline (palatine raphe) |
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Term
| What type of SSE makes up the lining mucosa? |
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Definition
Nonkeratinized SSE with 3 layers:
S. basale
S. spinosum
Superficiale |
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Term
| What are the components of the lamina propria of lining mucosa? |
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Definition
Loose CT and short papillae
Taste buds in some regions
ELASTIC FIBER LAYER |
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Term
| Components of submucosa of lining mucosa? |
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Definition
Contains salivary glands (mostly mucous)
Bands of fibers binding to underlying striated muscles
Soft and movable |
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Term
| What types of tissue are present on the lips? |
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Definition
Outer side - thin skin
Inner side - lining mucosa with very thick parakeratinized SSE, submucosa with mixed labial glands
Vermillion border - thick keratinized SSE, tall papillae, rich blood supply, no glands
Center: orbicularis oris muscle |
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Term
| Where is the specialized mucosa found? |
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Definition
| Papillae and associated taste buds on dorsal surface of tongue in papillary region (anterior 2/3) |
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Term
| What are the types of papillae? |
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Definition
1) Filiform - most numerous, keratinized SSE, found in entire papillary region, no taste buds
2) Fungiform - many, mushroom-shaped keratinized SSE, few taste buds on dorsal surface
3) Circumvallate - only 8-12, dome-shaped, with taste buds on lateral surface; have serous glands to flush out old stimuli
4) Foliate - lateral infoldings of tongue with taste buds and serous glands on lateral surface; evident in infants and rabbits |
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Term
| What are the components of taste buds? |
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Definition
Sensory cells - light-staining, round nuclei, no axons, microvilli at taste pore, turnover = 10 days
Supporting cells - dark cells, elongated nuclei, microvilli at taste pores, turnover = 10 days
Basal cells - at bottom of taste buds; stem cells that become sensory or supporting cells
Nerve fibers (7, 9) |
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Term
| What are the five taste modalities? |
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Definition
Sweet
Salty
Bitter
Acidic
Umami |
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Term
| Which taste modalities are mediated by direct action of ion channels? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which taste modalities are mediated indirectly by G-protein coupled receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which amino acid is umami associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the taste sensations strongest? |
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Definition
Sweet - tip of tongue
Salt/Sour - lateral edges
Bitter/Umami - posterior |
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