Term
| most common type of hand splint |
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Definition
articular
-this a splint that crosses a joint or a series of joints |
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Term
| examples of articular splint |
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Definition
-wrist immobilization
-elbow splint
-PIP splint
-etc |
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Term
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Definition
-do not cross a joint
-stabilize a body segment |
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Term
| 3 main purposes of splints |
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Definition
1. immobilize a structure
2.mobilize a tissue
3. restrict an aspect of joint motion |
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Term
| purpose of an immobilization splint |
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Definition
-place a structure in its anatomical or most comfortable resting position
-perhaps the most popular
-can be either articular or nonarticular |
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Term
| purpose of a mobilization splint |
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Definition
-refers to moving or stretching specific soft tissues
-does not rely on stretching tissues but facilitating cell growth |
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Term
| purpose of restriction splint |
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Definition
-restrict or block aspects of joint motion
-usually limit desired motion |
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Term
| commonly used nonarticular splint |
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Definition
| fracture compression brace |
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Term
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Definition
-static
-serial static
-dynamic
-static progressive |
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Term
| purpose of static splints |
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Definition
-rigid base that immobilizes the joints they cross.
-provides stabilization, protection, and support to a body segment |
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Term
| perhaps the most common type of UE splint |
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Definition
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Term
| purpose of serial static splint |
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Definition
-applied with the joints, soft tissue, or musculotendinous units that they cross in a lengthened position (near maximum)
-splints worn or extended periods of time |
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Term
| effect of wearing a serial static splint |
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Definition
| -tissue held in the end range position should react and accommodate by stretching in the desired direction of correction |
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Term
| changes in serial static splinting |
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Definition
| -splint maybe remolded after therapy to accommodate gains made during therapy |
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Term
| purpose of dynamic splint |
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Definition
| -use elastic type forces to mobilize specific tissues to achieve increases in ROM |
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Term
| design of dynamic splints |
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Definition
-have a base that permits the attachment of various outriggers and components.
-these components have mobilizing forces applied through the use of rubber bands, springs, or wrapped elastic chord |
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Term
| purpose of a static progressive splint |
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Definition
| -achieves tissue mobilization by applying low load force to the tissues end range in one direction |
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Term
| purpose of a static progressive splint |
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Definition
| -achieves tissue mobilization by applying low load force to the tissues end range in one direction |
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Term
| goal of a static progressive splint |
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Definition
| -tissue will eventually accommodate to this position. |
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Term
| similarities to dynamic splint |
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Definition
-fabrication is similar to dynamic
-difference, force being applied is static or non-elastic |
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Term
| static force generated through |
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Definition
| -nylon chord, non-elastic strapping material, screws, hinges, turnbuckles, and inelastic tape. |
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Term
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Definition
| stress tissues beyond its elastic limit. |
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Term
| reason for using static progressive over dynamic |
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Definition
-some patients tolerate the treatment better
-one reason maybe that the joint position is constant and tissue accommodates more gradually and gently to the tension |
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Term
| key objectives for UE splinting |
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Definition
-may not always be straightforward
-maybe multiple=in RA may immobilize inflamed joints while placing a tension on the MP joints to minimize deformity |
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Term
| possible goals of immobilizing splint |
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Definition
-provide symptom relief
-protect and position edematous structures
-aid in max functional use
-maintain tissue length
-protect healing structures |
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Term
| possible goals of immobilizing splint, continued: |
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Definition
-support/protection =healing soft tissue
-maintain/protect reduction of fracture
-improve/preserve joint alignment
-block/transfer muscle/tendon forces
-influence spastic muscle
-prevent contracture development |
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Term
| possible goals of mobilization splinting: |
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Definition
-remodel long standing, dense scar
-elongate soft tissue contractures
-increase passive joint ROM
-realign/maintain joint/ligament profile
-substitute for weak or absent motion
-maintain reduction of a intraarticular fracture with the preservation of joint mobility |
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Term
| potential goals of restriction splinting: |
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Definition
-limit motion after nerve injury/repair
-limit motion after tendon injury/repair
-" " bone or ligament " "
-provide/improve joint stability and alignment
-assist in the functional use of hand |
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Term
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Definition
-3 arches
-proximal transverse, distal transverse, and the longitudinal arch
-arch system is vital for the positioning of the hand for normal function in grasp and prehension |
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Term
| importance of arches in splints |
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Definition
| -incorporating the arches in the splints is essential to allow maximal function within the splint |
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Term
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Definition
-created by the distal row of the carpal bones and the taut volar carpal ligament.
-carpal tunnel
-provides mechanical advantage to the flexors, maximizing grasp function |
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Term
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Definition
-located at metacarpal heads
-increased mobility of the peripheral digits allows for optimal grasping abilities |
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Term
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Definition
-spans the length from the metacarpal to the distal phalanx
- |
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