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| Social scientist who studies the institutions and development of human society. |
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| Branch of zoology that studies the behavior of animals in their natural habitats. |
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| With a reversed relationship. |
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| Act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or plants and thus to produce hybrids. |
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| Any technique or mechanism in which the expression of a gene is prevented. |
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| Part of the brain that controls several body functions, including feeding, breathing, drinking, temperature, and the release of many hormones. |
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| Object, event, or condition required to elicit a behavior. |
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| Specific time in animal's development, in which a type of learning can only take place. |
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| Learning of stimuli by animal during a limited critical period. |
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| Environment in which an organism lives. |
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| Perception of chemical signals by the senses. |
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| Sociographical area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against conspecifics. |
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| Organism belonging to the same species as another organism. |
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| Factors involved as animals go after its needed activities. |
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| Difference between the energy the animal would have expended had it rested and the energy expended in performing the behavior. |
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| Increased chance of being injured or killed as a result of performing the behavior, compared with resting. |
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| Sum of the benefits the animal forfeits by not being able to perform other behaviors during the same time interval. |
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| Branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavior of animals in response to the environment in which the animal lives. |
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| Roughly-24-hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes of living entities, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. |
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| Normal duration of natural daylight experienced by an organism; day length. |
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| Occurring or having cycles of approximately annual periodicity. |
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| Way animals find home by remembering the structure of their environment. |
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| Ability to return over long distances to a nest site, burrow, or other specific location is called homing. |
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| Distance-and-direction Navigation |
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| Way to travel that involves knowing what direction and how far away the destination is. |
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| Bicoordinate Navigation/True Navigation |
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| Way of traveling that requires knowing the latitude and longitude of both the current position and the destination. |
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| Systems of information exchange. |
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| Animal behaviour, linked to survival of the species in various ways. One example of display used by some species can be found in the form of courtship, with the male usually having a striking feature that is distinguished by colour, shape or size, used to attract a female |
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| Chemical signal that triggers a natural response in another member of the same species. |
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| Showing unselfish concern for the welfare of others. |
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| Component of inclusive fitness resulting from an organism producing its own offspring. |
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| Organism's classical fitness (how many of its own offspring it produces and supports) plus the number of equivalents of its own offspring it can add to the population by supporting others. |
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| Certain social animals societies (such as those of ants) in which sterile individuals work for reproductive individuals. |
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| The mating of individuals who are closely related. |
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| The total mass of living matter in a given unit area. |
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| Set of behaviors shared by members of the population and transmitted through learning. |
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| Closest in degree or order (space or time) especially in a chain of causes and effects. |
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| Most individuals of a given species perform the behavior in the same way. |
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| Experiment in which subjects are deprived of all experiences relevant to the behavior under study. Still exhibits behavior, assume it can develop without opportunity to learn. |
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| Investigators alter genomes of organisms by interbreeding closely related species, by comparing individuals that differ in only one of a few genes, or by knocking out or inserting specific genes to determine how theme manipulations affect their behavior. |
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| Means of genetic manipulation that has been in use since plants and animals were first domesticated. Pick and choose desired traits. |
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| Mating of closely-related animals. |
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