Term
| Four steps for the Scientific Approach |
|
Definition
Observations>Hypothesis>
Experiment>Model(Theory)>
Further experimentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Best current explanation for various phenomena |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Explains complicated phenomena using tangible items or pictures to represent invisible processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| universal explanation of specific phenomena |
|
|
Term
| Layers of the Atmosphere, bottom to top |
|
Definition
Troposphere>Stratosphere>
Mesosphere>Thermosphere |
|
|
Term
| What happens to temperature in the Troposphere? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to temperature in the Stratosphere? |
|
Definition
| Increases with temp due to Ozone |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship of Polar Stratospheric Clouds to the atmosphere |
|
Definition
| Catalyze reactions which rapidly destroy the ozone layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that has mass and volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the quantity of matter in an object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the gravitational force between two objects. Varies with strength of gravitational force |
|
|
Term
| What are physical properties? |
|
Definition
| characteristics shown by a substance without interacting with another substance |
|
|
Term
| What are Chemical properties? |
|
Definition
| Properties that show as it interacts with, or transforms into, other substances |
|
|
Term
| List some physical properties: |
|
Definition
| Temp, mass, structure, color, taste, odor, boiling point, freezing point, heat capacity, hardness, conductivity, solubility, density |
|
|
Term
| Describe some chemical properties |
|
Definition
| rusting, burning, tarnishing, exploding, neon: just sits there, it's inert. |
|
|
Term
| Physical or chemical change: No change in the type or arrangement of atoms in the substance |
|
Definition
| Physical: ice melting, sugar dissolving |
|
|
Term
| Physical or Chemical: Change in the type and/or arrangement of atoms |
|
Definition
| chemical: rusting, water from H and O |
|
|
Term
| Physical states of matter, and their properties |
|
Definition
Solid>definite shape and volume.
Liquid>definite volume
Gas>neither definite volume or shape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Simplest type of substance with unique physical and chemical properties
-Consist of only one type of atom
-cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by physical or chemical means |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Consists of two or more atoms that are chemically bound together
-behaves as an independent unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -A substance composed of two or more elements which are chemically combined |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -a group or two or more elements and/or compounds that are physically intermingled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| definite fixed compositions that do not vary from sample to sample. e.g. pure water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have composition that varies from sample to sample. e.g. seawater |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has one or more visible boundaries between the components |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have no visible boundaries because the components are mixed as individual atoms, ions, and molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a homogeneous mixture. solutions in water are called aqueous solutions |
|
|
Term
| What are the base units of measurement for length, mass, time, and temp? |
|
Definition
| meter, kilogram, second, degrees Celsius |
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-6 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-9 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol)
10^-12 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exponential numbers: (symbol) All at once!
Kilo-
deci-
centi-
milli-
micro-
nano-
pico- |
|
Definition
10^3 (k)
10^-1 (d)
10^-2 (c)
10^-3 (m)
10^-6 (u)
10^-9 (n)
10^-12 (p) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
quantity of mass (m) per unit volume (v)
d=m/V |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-typically accompanies physical or chemical changes
-Released during some chemical reactions
-Required to make something happen that otherwise would not |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -heat is energy that flows from a warmer object to a cooler one |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The measure of how hot or cold an object is. Temp in K= temp in C+273 |
|
|
