Term
| Field observation where norms are broken intentionally to observe how others react and how the sociologist feels participating |
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Definition
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Term
| What are five components of culture? |
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Definition
Norms
Beliefs
Values
Customs
Habits
Language |
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Term
| What are norms? Describe the difference between the two types of norms. |
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Definition
-social rules and laws that are accepted terms of behavior- 'shoulds'
-EXPLICIT: stated, often formally; includes written rules and laws
-IMPLICIT: implied concepts that are not formalized; expected terms for interaction |
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Term
| What are sanctions? Explain the differences between the two types of sanctions. |
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Definition
Sanctions are ramifications of actions that reinforce norms.
POSITIVE: rewards for doing things right
NEGATIVE: repercussions for breaking norms |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory.
"A boy steals beer from a liquor store because he figures the benefits outweigh the costs. It's best for him, anyway."
Also, what level of analysis does this follow? |
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Definition
rational choice theory
micro |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"A girl starts using heroin when her friends try to emulate the characters of Trainspotting, just because. She didn't originally admire such a |
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Definition
differential association theory (SYMBOLIC INTERACTION, MOFOS)
micro |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"A weakness in understanding social norms leads to crime. Internal interpretations of norms impact your behavior, as well as the 'external' ru |
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Definition
social control theory
micro to meso |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"A poor kid is continuously being called a thug, despite his clean record. Hearing this so much leads him to give up hope and break into someo |
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Definition
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"During a depression, the usual norms are broken from the stress." |
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Definition
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"Societal goals are set and, if not met, its participants revert to deviance." |
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Definition
strain theory (Merton) *structural functional*
meso to macro |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"Inequality within society causes deviance. The way to bring about change is to defy the norm." |
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Definition
conflict theory
meso to macro |
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Term
Match the deviant thought process with the sociological theory. Also, what level of analysis does this follow?
"Gender inequality plays heavily into social deviance. Who owns the power?" |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of status? Describe the differences between them. |
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Definition
ASCRIBED: usually given at birth and does not change over the course of a lifetime
ACHIEVED: attained by work or effort |
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Term
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Definition
| behaviors associated with status; i.e. a teacher provides education for students |
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Term
| What is role strain? Cite an example. |
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Definition
| one status with two or more interfering roles; ex. a student with two tests in one day (like Sara!) |
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Term
| What is role conflict? Cite an example. |
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Definition
two or more statuses, each with a conflicting role
ex. a student and athlete with a group meeting and soccer game at the same time |
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Term
_____ came up with the concept of 'ideal type bureaucracy', which stresses that things be less _____ and more ______ to ensure modernization.
Cite 5 facets of ideal type bureaucracy. |
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Definition
Max Weber
personal
rational
1) organization with division of labor and specialized tasks
2) goal of high efficiency
3) administrative hierarchy
4) rules and regulations
5) impersonal relationships |
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Term
| What is the 'iron rule of oligarchy'? |
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Definition
| the belief that in a bureaucracy, all of the power is concentrated in the hands of the highest-ranking officials |
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Term
George Ritzer created the concept of the ________ _ ______, which stated that society was being increasingly inundated with bureaucracy.
Name four factors of this concept. |
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Definition
The McDonaldization of Society
-calculability
-effective business
-predictability
-heavily controlled |
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Term
| In a _____ ______, connections are made through ______ with individuals that branch out called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is social interaction? |
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Definition
| two or more inidividuals purposefully relating to each other (goal-oriented, interpretative social context) |
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Term
| How much of conversations is nonverbal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the sociological research form of 'dramaturgy'? |
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Definition
| life is viewed as a play, with 'actors', 'scripts', and 'sets' |
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Term
| What was Emile Durkheim's 'Suicide' study about? |
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Definition
social causes of the act
studied variables such as age, religion, race
repeated variable of integration into society |
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Term
| What are the three types of suicide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between primary and secondary groups? |
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Definition
Primary- family and friends, more emotionally open
Seconday- acquaintances, formal and polite interactions |
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Term
| What are four types of groups? |
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Definition
utilitarian (meet needs like wages)
coercive (forced compliance like prison)
normative (shared beliefs)
voluntary (causes and social activity) |
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Term
| This states that bureaucracies can be inefficient because work fills the time and space available for completion. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ provides the guidelines while _____ forms the structure. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the act of not judging but viewing cultures objectively? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between formal and informal agents of socialization? |
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Definition
| Formal agents intend to socialize, such as parents with their children. Informal, however, do not set out to be sources of socialization. An example would include the media. |
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