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Definition
| ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS AND COLORFUL PSYCHOLOGISTS- CURIOUS ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED IN SEX..wanted to wire him and his wife up to a recording devise but his wife refused. He instead go his undergrad worker to agree to his experiment. Wife figured out what was goin on, sued him, he got fired from his jobe and later started advertisements dealing with sex,very rich but bitter..died at an early age |
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| WATSON AND RAYNORS FAMOUS EXPERIMENT: SHOWED HOW SPECIFIC FEARS ARE CONDITIONED. 11 MONTH OLD INFANT NAMED ALBERT WAS PRESENTED WITH A WHITE RAT AND AS HE REACHED TO TOUCH IT, THEY STRUCK A HAMMER AGAINST A STEEL BAR JUST BEHIND HIS HEAD. AFTER SEVEN REPTITIONS OF SEEING THE RAT AND THEN HEARING THE FRIGHTENING NOISE, ALBERT BURST INTO TEARS AT THE MERE SIGHT OF A RAT, REACTED WITH FEAR TO A RABBIT, A DOG, AND A SEALSKIN COAT AS WELL BUT NOT DISSIMILAR OBJECTS |
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Term
| ARE FEARS PRODUCED IN REAL LIFE AS A RESULT OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING AND GENERALIZATION? EXAMPLES? |
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Definition
| YES. SOME EXAMPLES ARE OF SNAKES, RAPE VICTIMS, AND SPIDERS. REMEMBER SNAKE STORY AND MARCY, TRUCK, COOKI-O STORY |
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Term
| DIFFERNECE BETWEEN CLASSICAL AND OPERANT CONDITIONING |
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Definition
| IN CLASSICAL CONDITIONING, THE SUBJECT LEARNS TO FORM ASSOCIATIONS B/W EVENTS IT DOES NOT CONTROL, WHILE IN OPERANT CONDITIONING, THE SUBJECT LEARNS ASSOCIATIONS B/W ITS OWN BEHAVIOR AND THE EVENTS THAT RESULT FROM IT |
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| AN OPERANT CONDITIONING PRODEDURE IN WHICH REINFORCERS GUIDE BEHAVIOR TOWARD CLOSER AND CLOSER APPROXIMATIONS OF A DESIRED GOAL |
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| ANY EVENT THAT STRENGTHENS THE BEHAVIOR IT FOLLOWS |
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| AN INNATELY REINFORCING STIMULUS, SUCH AS ONE THAT SATIFIES A BIOLOGICAL NEED |
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Term
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Definition
| A STIUMULUS THAT GAINS ITS REINFORCING POWER THROUGH ITS ASSOCIATION WITH A PRIMARY REINFORCER |
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Term
| IF YOU FOLLOWED SKINNER'S CLASSIC EXAMPLE, HOW WOULD YOU USE SHAPING TO GET A PIGEONS TO BOWL? |
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Definition
YOU COULND'T USE CLASSIC CONDITION..IT IS NOT A NATURAL RESPONSE FOR THE BIRD.
yOU CAN'T USE THORNBACKS B/C HE DOESN'T KNOW HOW TO BOWL IN THE FIRST PLACE.
USE SKINNER'S...REWARD EACH STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION, ONEW HE BENDS TOWARD THE BALL, REWARD HIM, ETC. |
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Term
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Definition
| STRENGTHENS A RESPONSE BY ADDING A POSITIVE STIMULUS AFTER THE RESPONSE; INCREASES THE PROBABILITY THAT THE SUBJECT WILL REPEAT THE RESPONSE THAT PRECEDED IT(THE RESPONSE THAT CAME BEFORE THE POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT) |
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Term
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Definition
| STRENGTHENS A RESPONSE BY REMOVING A NEGATIVE, AVERSIVE, UNPLEASANT STIMULUS AFTER THE RESPONSE |
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Term
| TERMINAL GOAL, HOW MUST IT BE DEFINED? |
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Definition
| THE TARGET BEHAVIOR, THE LAST(TERMINAL) RESPONSE THE SUBJECT MAKES IN A CHAIN OF LEARNED BEHAVIORS; ONCE ACHIEVED, THE CONDITIONING PROCESS IS FINISHED(TERMINATED); THE TERMINAL GOAL MUST BE DEFINED IN OBJECTIVELY MEASURABLE TERMS, SO THAT THERE IS NO QUESTION WHETHER IT HAS OR HAS NOT BEEN ACHIEVED |
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Term
| BASELINE BEHAVIOR, WHY IS IT IMPORTANT, HOW MUST IT BE RECORDED? |
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Definition
| THE BEHAVIOR PATTERNS OF THE SUBJECT BEFORE TRAINING BEGINS. LIKE THE TERMINAL GOAL, THE BASELINE BEHAVIORS MUST BE OBJECTIVELY MEASURABLE, SO THAT IT IS CLEAR WHETHER OR NOT ANY PROGRESS IS BEING MADE. BASELINE BEHAVIORS ARE IMPORTANT B/C YOU ALWAYS START WITH WHATEVER BEHAVIOR THE SUBJECT IS ENGAGING IN, AND WORK FROM THERE |
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Term
| REINFORCING SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATIONS TO THE GOAL |
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Definition
| REWARDING(REINFORCING) ANY SLIGHT BEHAVIORAL CHANGE THAT IS A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION, UNTIL YOU FINALLY REACH THE TERMINAL GOAL; STEPS IN THE WRONG DIRECTION ARE IGNORED AND THUS NOT REINFORCED |
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Term
| IMMEDIATE REINFORCER/ IMMEDIATE REINFORCEMENT/ IMMEDIATE GRATIFICATION |
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Definition
| AS SOON AS THE SUBJECT DOES WHAT YOU WANT, YOU ARE REWARDED RIGHT AWAY |
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Term
| DELAYED REINFORDER/ DELAYED REINFORCEMENT/ DELAYED GRATIFICATION |
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Definition
| REWARDED FOR WANTED BEHAVIOR, BUT NOT RIGHT AWAY |
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Term
| HOW DO HUMANS AND ANIMALS AND MATURE AND IMMATURE PERSONS RESPOND DIFFERNTLY TO IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED REINFORCERS? |
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Definition
| ANIMALS RESONPOND ALMOST ENTIRELY TO IMMEDIATE REINFORCEMENT, HUMANS HOWEVER, WILL RESPOND TO BOTH IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED REINFORCEMENT. MATURE PEOPLE RESPOND TO DELAYED REINFORCEMENT BETTER THAN IMMATURE PERSONS |
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Term
| CONTINUOUS REINFORCEMENT, AND HOW DOES IT INFLUENCE ACQUSITION AND EXTINCTION OF A RESPONSE? |
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Definition
| REWARD THE SUBJECT FOR DOING WHAT YOU WANT EVERY SINGLE TIME. SPEEDS UP ACQUISATION PROCESS, BUT ONCE YOU HAVE A RESPONSE IT NOTS PRACTICAL TO KEEP REWARDING THE, SO BEHAVIOR WILL EXTINGUISH VERY RAPIDLY |
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Term
| PARTIAL REINFORCEMENT/ INTERMITTENT REINFORCEMENT, HOW DOES IT INFLUENCE ACQUISTION AND EXTINCTION OF A RESPONSE? |
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Definition
| RATHER THAN REINFORCING EVERYTIME, REINFORCE SOMEIMES. TAKES LONGER TO CATCH ON(ACQUSITION) BUT LASTS LONGER ( EXTINCTION LESS LIKELY) |
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Term
| FIXED RATIO SCHEDULE/ REINFORCEMENT, HOW DOES IT INFLUENCE RESPONDING? |
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Definition
RATIO B/W # OF CORRECT RESPONSES AND REWARDS IS FIXED HIGH RATE OF RESPONDING
-employers like it, employees hate it |
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Term
| VARIABLE RATIO SCHEDULE OR REINFORCEMENT |
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Definition
WILL NOT BE REWARDED EVERYTIME, ANYTIME COULD BE THE TIME IT GETS PAID OFF.
-casinos based on variable ratio schedule |
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Term
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Definition
| TYPE OF LEARNING IN WHICH BEHAVIOR IS STRENGTHENED IF IT IS FOLLOWED BY REINFORCEMENT AND DIMINISHED IF IT IS NOT FOLLOWED BY REINFORCEMENT |
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Term
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Definition
| BEHAVIOR THAT OCCURS AUTOMATICALLY IN RESPONSE TO A CERTAIN STIMULI |
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Term
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Definition
| BEHAVIOR THAT OCCURS AUTOMATICALLY IN RESPONSE TO A CERTAIN STIMULI |
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Term
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Definition
| BEHAVIOR THAT OCCURS AUTOMATICALLY IN RESPONSE TO A CERTAIN STIMULI |
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Term
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Definition
| BEHAVIOR THAT OPERATES ON THE ENVIRONMENT TO PRODUCE EITHER REWARDING OR PUNISHING CONSEQUENCES |
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Term
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Definition
| CAME UP WITH "BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY" THAT REVEALED PRINIPLES OF BEHAVIOR CONTROL. ENABLED HIM TO TEACH UNPIGEONLIKE PIGEONS BEHAVIORS LIKE BOWLING |
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Term
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Definition
| BEHAVIORS THAT ARE FOLLOWED BY FAVORABLE CONSEQUENCES BECOME LESS LIKELY |
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Term
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Definition
| AN ISOLATED CHAMBER IN WHICH A SUBJECT(LIKE A CAT OR A PIGEON) CAN DO SOMETHING ( LIKE PUSH A BAR OR PECK A KEY) IN ORDER TO GET A REWARD(LIKE FOOD OR WATER) WHILE A MECHANICAL DEVICE RECORDS AND COUNTS THE SUBJECTS RESPONSES |
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