Term
The Earth was heavily cratered during its formation. Today, about 120 impact craters have been identified. Why are there so few compared to other bodies in the solar system?
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Definition
Many craters on Earth have been eroded by wind and water and destroyed by tectonics and volcanism.
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Definition
Early Egyptian, Babylonian, Sumerian, and Greek cultures (also other cultures) who observed and recorded events in the sky. |
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Definition
Earth centered model of the universe |
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Definition
Sun centered model of the solar system |
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Definition
a mass of frozen gas, cosmic dust, ice crystals, and organic material whose orbit around the Sun takes it outside the solar system. |
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Definition
a massive, usually spherical space object that orbits a star and shines by reflecting the star’s light. |
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Definition
a rocky object that orbits a planet; a natural satellite. |
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Definition
a star with planets and other objects in orbit around it; our solar system is made up of the Sun, 8 planets, asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and other space objects. (several dwarf or minor planets) |
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Definition
the belief that events in the sky – the heavens – control our lives and predict the future. |
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Definition
the branch of science that studies the stars, planets, and other objects in space. |
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Definition
the star in the center of our solar system around which Earth and 7 other planets revolve. |
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Definition
the streak of light that is produced when a meteoroid burns as it enters an atmosphere. |
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Definition
third planet from the Sun; the only known planet with life. |
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Term
| The moon is approximately _______ the size of the Earth. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many Earth's would fit across the diameter on the Sun? |
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Definition
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Term
Pedro wanted to make a scale model of Jupiter using a scale factor of 10,000 km/cm. Calculate what size his model needs to be if the actual diameter of Jupiter is 142,980 km. |
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Definition
142,980 km / 10,000 km/cm
=
14.298 cm = 14. 3 cm
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Term
The distance betwee the Moon and the Earth is how many Earth diamenters? |
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Definition
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Term
| Earth takes how many days to orbit around the Sun once? |
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Definition
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Term
| A leap year occurs every _____ years? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sun appears to be the same size as the moon because it is ______ times farther away and _______ times larger than the moon. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pedro wanted to calculate where his scale model of Jupiter should be placed still using a scale factor of 10,000 km/cm. Calculate the scale distance Pedro should place his model of the actual distance of Jupiter is 778,400,000 km. |
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Definition
778,400,000 / 10,000 km/cm
=
77,840 cm / 100 = 778 m
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Term
| Why are impacts on Earth considered natural hazards but are not condidered natural hazards on any other planets or moons? |
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Definition
A natural hazard has an element of human involvement, and since humans only live on planet Earth, only impacts on Earth are considered natural hazards.
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Term
| Early people who observed the sky, kept records, and try to make sense of what they saw. |
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Definition
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| What planetary feature separates the inner and outer planets? |
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Definition
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Term
| The study that assumes and attempts to interpret the influence of the heavenly bodies on human affairs. A false science. |
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Definition
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Term
| The branch of science that studies the stars, planets, and other objects in space. |
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Definition
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Term
| If an egg falls out of a bird nest sitting on a tree branch, when does gravity act on the egg? |
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Definition
| At all times, even when sitting in the nest. |
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Term
| A mass of frozen gas, cosmic dust, ice crystals, and organic material whose orbit around the Sun takes it outside the solar system. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for variables that are kept the same? |
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Definition
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Term
| These planets have no well defined surfaces and have atomosphers composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane. |
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Definition
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Term
| Means earth centered. Everything revolves around the earth. |
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Definition
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Term
| Means sun centered. Everything revolves around the sun. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common geological feature in the solar system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Law states that a body in motion tends to travel in a straight line unless it is disturbed by an unbalanced force? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the path of something that has forward motion but is also being pulled down by gravity. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which planets are considered the gas planets? |
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Definition
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune |
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Term
| Name the variable in an investigation that is being changed. |
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Definition
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Term
| You must label what two variables in all data tables? |
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Definition
| Manipulated and Responding |
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Term
| What is the latest theory explaing the formation of the asteroid belt? |
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Definition
| Matter that should have formed a planet in the area of the asteroid never came together because the gravity of Jupter kept the individual pieces from coming together. |
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Term
| Which planets do not have natural satellites (moons). |
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Definition
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Term
| List the planets in order starting from the Sun. |
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Definition
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune |
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Term
| If Mars has more mass than Mercury, why is the force of gravity on the surface of Mars nearly the same as the force of gravity on the surface of Mercury? |
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Definition
| Mercury has a smaller diameter, therefore, objects are closer to the center of gravity on Mercury than they are on Mars. |
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Term
| About the size of a pebble that appears as a streak of light as it enters the atmosphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| The metric unit for measuring force |
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Definition
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Term
| Comets are found in the ... |
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Definition
| Oort Cloud and Kuiper Belt |
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Term
| Which phase of Earth's moon is the best time to study craters as seen from Earth? |
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Definition
Quarter Phase
(increases shadows in craters, revealing more detail) |
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Term
| What causes rays to form around an impact crater? |
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Definition
| Rays are fromed by ejected materials, like dust, sand, and liquid rock falling back around the crater after impact. |
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Term
Name the variable in an investigation that is measured.
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Definition
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Term
| List some things that affect the appearance of a crater. |
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Definition
Size of impacting object
Speed of impacting object
Angle of impact
Surface type that is impacted. |
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Term
| Name the two factors that cause a comet's tail to always point away from the sun. |
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Definition
| Solar winds and radiation pressure |
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Term
| A sphere of hot glowing gases that releases energy in the form of heat and light. |
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Definition
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Term
| A star, and the largest body in the solar system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which group of planets have solid surfaces? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes Stars to wobble? |
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Definition
| The gravity of planets pulling on the star. |
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Term
| The inner planets in the solar system have the fastest orbital speeds. Why? |
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Definition
| The inner planets are closer to the Sun, so the Sun's gavity is stonger which means the planets must move faster to stay in orbit. |
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Term
| Planets are kept in orbit by the forces of inertia and the Sun's gravity. What would happen to the planets if the Sun's gravity disappeared? |
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Definition
| The planets would move off into space in a straight path. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sphere of hot glowing gases that release energy in the form of heat and light |
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Term
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Definition
| an observed pattern of stars |
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Term
| Vesta is the name of this Solar System object |
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Definition
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Term
| Pieces of a planet that never formed |
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Definition
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Term
The majority of asteroids move between Jupiter and Mars in an area known as the . . .
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Definition
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Term
| Rocky or metallic objects that orbit the Sun but are too small to be considered planets. |
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Definition
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Term
| Often called 'minor planets" |
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Definition
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Term
| Orbit is often changed by Jupiter's gravity |
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Definition
| asteroids, comets, and meteroids |
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Term
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Definition
| asteroids, comets, meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites |
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Term
| If you have 3 trials in your data table, than you also need a column for finding the ______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of scale is used to measure mass? |
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Definition
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Term
| If two forces are of equal magnitude (size) and opposite in direction, then the forces are ..... |
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Definition
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Term
| A fuzzy outline or atmosphere due to solar radiation found at the head of a comet |
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Definition
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Term
| When close enough to the Sun they display a visible coma and tail. |
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Definition
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Term
| Made of ice, dust, and gas |
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Definition
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Term
| These objects have very elliptical orbits around the sun that carry them outside of the solar system. |
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Definition
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Term
| A observed pattern of stars. |
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Definition
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Term
| The variables that remain the same in an investigation are known as ...... |
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Definition
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Term
| Weight is the measure of the force of ___________ on a body. |
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Definition
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Term
| The name of the force that attract objects to each other. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the force that holds us to the earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Any two objects, from the largest galaxy down to the smallest particles, attract each other with a force called .... |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the typical shape of an impact crater. |
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Definition
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Term
| The variable that is changed in an investigation is called the ...... |
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Definition
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Term
Surface gravity depends on the _____________ and
_________________ of the planet. |
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Definition
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Term
| The faster the satellite or orbiter's orbital speed, the more _____________ the planet it is orbiting. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mass is related to the amount of ______________ in a body. |
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Definition
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Term
| The proper name for a "shooting star" |
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Definition
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Term
| Friction with the Earth's atmosphere creates its tail. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these objects do not orbit the sun?
asteriod
comet
meteor
meteoroid
meteorite |
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Definition
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Term
| A meteroid that suvives falling through the Earth's atmosphere and lands on the Earth's surface. |
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Definition
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Term
| Often found in Antarctica |
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Definition
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Term
| Range in size from dust to around 10 meters and come from asteroids colliding with each other. |
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Definition
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Term
| Streaks of light produced when meteoroids are illuminated as they fall through an atmosphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| Space matter that is too small to be called asteroids or momets are known as . . . |
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Definition
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Term
| A rocky object that orbits a planet, a natural satellite. |
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Definition
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Term
| Older surfaces on terrestial objects generally contain ____________ craters. |
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Definition
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Term
The part of the comet that contails the majority of its mass including rock, ice, and frozen gases.
The composed of rock, dust, ice, and frozen gases such as Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia. They are often popularly described as “dirty snowballs”
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/40733/parts-of-a-comet/#ixzz2CLcbEq83
composed of rock, dust, ice, and frozen gases such as Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia. They are often popularly described as “dirty snowballs”
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/40733/parts-of-a-comet/#ixzz2CLcbEq83
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Definition
nucleus
They are composed of rock, dust, ice, and frozen gases such as Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia.
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/40733/parts-of-a-comet/#ixzz2CLcgQKcS |
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Term
| A massive spherical space object that orbits a star and shines by reflecting light. |
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Definition
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Term
When writing a procedure for an investigation, you need to state that measurements need to be ______________
in a data table. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which variable in an investigation is measured? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the features of an impact crater. |
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Definition
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Term
| Planets _________ on their axes. |
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Definition
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Term
A ___________ _______________
is one way of working with measurements
that are too large to see first hand. |
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Definition
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Term
| A star with planets and other objects in orbit around it. |
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Definition
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Term
| Unbalanced forces, including gravity, can change the ______________________ of an object's motion. |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of scale is used to measure weight? |
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Definition
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Term
| If an impact crater has a lot of debris around it that had been melted, you could conclude that ..... |
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Definition
| the impacting object was moving very fast. |
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Term
| The Law of Universal Gravitation states that any two objects attract each other. What two factors determines how much they attract each other? |
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Definition
| the mass of the each object and the distance between them. |
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Term
| How many trials should you have in an investigation? |
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Definition
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