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| Position of something on Earth's surface |
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| The relationship between the size of an object |
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| A specific point on Earth with human and physical characteristic that distinguish it from other points |
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| The arrangement of objects on Earth's surface in relationship to one another |
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| The organization of Earth's surface into distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas |
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| The expansion of economic, political, and cultural activities to the point that they reach and have impact on many areas of the world |
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| The location of places, people, and events, and the connections among places and landscapes |
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| The overall appearance of an area that is shaped by both human and natural influences |
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| Explanations for why a spatial pattern occurs |
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| the art and science of map-making |
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| focus on people ,history sociology, economics, and political science |
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| focuses on the natural environment itself |
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| Means that they notice patterns of both natural and human environments , distributions of people, and locations of all kind of objects |
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| Maps provide the exact location of a place on a mathematical grid of the earth divided by two sets of imaginary arcs: meridians parallels |
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| an arc drawn between the the North and South Poles that measures longitude |
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| being equal distance apart everywhere |
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| a numbering system that calculates distance east and west of the prime meridian |
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| is located at the observatory in Greenwich, England at 0 celsius. |
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| Greek scholar who worked in third century B.C.E., accurately calculated the circumference of the earth by measuring sun's angles at the summer solstice |
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| a Greek scholar who lived five hundred years later than Eratosthenes, recalculated the circumference of the earth to be much smaller |
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| an 11th century Arab geographer, worked for king of Sicil yo collect geographical information into a remarkably accurate representation of the world |
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| 19th century American geographer is best known for his classic work Man and Nature, published in 1864 |
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| an early 20th century geographer from California, shaped the field of Human Geography by arguing that cultural landscapes should be the main focus of geographical study |
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| an imaginary circle that lies exactly half way between the North and the South Poles |
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| distance north and south of the equator |
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| spots relative to other human and physical features on the landsape |
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| Maps are efficent tools for storing information.Maps shows roads waterways that connected places , and for centuries travelers have used them. |
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| Communications/ Education |
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| Maps may also be used to explain spatiak perspectives to others. These maps are often thematic because they are designed to explain a type of geographic information |
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| Location may also be defined by site |
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| three -dimensional object on a two-dimensial surface. |
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| Method of trnferring locations on Earth's surface to a flat map |
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| was invented by Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mereator in 1569 for a specific purpose- navigating ships across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas. |
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| tries to correct for this disortion in the high north and south latitudes by curving these areas inward on the paper. |
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| This controversial projection was first introduced in 1974 by historian and geographer Arno Peters. The Peters map focuses on keeping land masses equal in area. |
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| designed to reveal the nature of local topography |
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| Is an important conceptual tool for geography |
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| Geographers refer to phenomena as they exist on different levels from small to large. |
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| The spatial scale at which individuals routinely interact with their environment |
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| spatial scale that encompasses a geographic area where the climate is roughly uniform and the species contained therein are often restricted to that region by their dispersal capabilities. |
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| scale of motion that is viewed globally |
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| Scale also tells us the mathemetical relationship between the size of an area on a map and its actual size on the surface of the earth. |
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| which phenomena at one level influence those at other levels. |
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| is set by international agreement on a line of longitude that runs through Greenwich, England |
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| is a region that has adopted the same standard time |
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| time as reckoned in a particular region or time zone. |
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| the standard time at the Prime Meridian. |
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| Which pushes the clock forward one hour in the spring in order to allow people to enjoy more sunlight in afternoon. |
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| One consequence of the organization of the world into time zones is that somewhere on the globe the date has to change |
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| based on the position of the sub in the sky as the day progresses. |
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| the unique location of a geographic feature |
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| Physical site characteristics |
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| the physical and human-transformed characteristics of a place |
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| if objects circle another object |
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| exists if no regular distribution can be seen |
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| is a computer system that captures, stores analyzes and displays data |
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| Uses a series of satellites, tracking stations and receives to determine precise absolute locations on earth. |
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